ROBBINS-AGNEW:Information about Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England (b. 17 Jun 1239, d. 07 Jul 1307)
Notes for Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England:Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England1 (M)
b. 17 June 1239, d. 7 July 1307, #101903
Pedigree
Last Edited=20 Aug 2005
Consanguinity Index=0.1%
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England was born on 17 June 1239 in Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, England.2 He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He married, firstly, Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu, daughter of Fernando III, Rey de Castilla y León and Jeanne d'Aumale, Comtesse de Ponthieu, on 18 October 1254 in Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain.3 He married, secondly, Marguerite de France, daughter of Philippe III, Roi de France and Marie de Brabant, on 10 September 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England.1 He died on 7 July 1307 at age 68 in Burgh-on-the-Sands, Cumberland, England, from dysentry, while marching against the Scots.4 He died on 7 July 1307 at age 68 in Burgh-on-Sands, Cumberland, England.5 He was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.4
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England gained the title of Duke of Gascony in 1254.3 He gained the title of Earl of Chester on 14 February 1254.3 He succeeded to the title of King Edward I of England on 20 November 1272.3 He was crowned King of England on 19 August 1274 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.6'
Edward towered over his contemporaries - he was the then rare height of six feet two inches. He was on a Crusade at the time of his accession and returned to England in 1274. Reigning for 35 years he was a strong and wise King. He married Eleanor of Castille and, after her death Margaret, daughter of Phillip III of France. Edward had 16 children by Eleanor and three by Margaret, the most of any Monarch. He carried out much needed reform and clarification of the law. Starting in 1277 he set out to resolve the Welsh problem which had proved so troublesome in Henry III's reign. The area around Snowdon and Anglesy harboured Llewelyn and other warlike princes. Llewelyn was killed in battle and the Welsh resistance collapsed. The Statute of Wales in 1284 arranged for administration under a mixed English and Welsh law. Castles were built to secure the Principality, including Caernarvon where Edward's son (Edward) was born and who was created Prince of Wales in 1301. During his campaign in Wales, it was found that the long bow used by the Southern Welsh, was an amazingly effective weapon which would revolutionise forthcoming conflicts. Edward next marched on Scotland and won a crushing victory at Falkirk but Robert Bruce arose and made himself King of Scotland. Although known as The Hammer of the Scots, Edward had not succeeded in subjugating that noble land. Edward may be best remembered by the Model Parliament called in 1295. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.7
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu
Eleanor of England+ b. 17 Jun 1264, d. 12 Oct 1298
Joan of England b. c Jun 1265, d. b 7 Sep 1265
John of England b. 10 Jul 1266, d. 3 Aug 1271
Alice of England b. c 1267, d. 1279
Henry of England b. 13 Jul 1267, d. 14 Oct 1274
Juliana of England b. 1271, d. 28 May 1271
Joan of Acre+ b. c Apr 1272, d. 23 Apr 1307
Alfonso of England, Earl of Chester b. 24 Nov 1273, d. 19 Aug 1284
Margaret of England+ b. 11 Sep 1275, d. 1318
Berengaria of England b. 1276, d. bt 1276 - 1279
Mary of England+ b. 11 Mar 1278, d. b 8 Jul 1332
Alice of England b. 12 Mar 1279, d. c 1291
Isabella of England b. 12 Mar 1279, d. 1279
Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet+ b. Aug 1282, d. 5 May 1316
Edward II of Caernarvon, King of England+ b. 25 Apr 1284, d. 21 Sep 1327
Beatrice of England b. c 1286
Blanche of England b. c 1290, d. 1290
Child of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England
John de Botetourt, 1st Lord Botetourt+ b. c 1265, d. 25 Nov 1324
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Marguerite de France
Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk+ b. 1 Jun 1300, d. c Aug 1338
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent+ b. 5 Aug 1301, d. 19 Mar 1330
Eleanor of England b. 4 May 1306, d. 1311
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 79. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 81.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 89.
[S125] Richard Glanville-Brown, online
[S4] C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 20 . Hereinafter cited as DeBretts Peerage, 1949.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995). Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England are: