Enclosed are copies of the following three documents, taken from microfilm of Fluvanna County, Virginia records in the Library of Virginia (transcribed below):
1. Fluvanna County Marriage Bonds, LVA. These are loose documents, that were microfilmed roughly in date order. Extant consent forms were generally filmed with the pertinent marriage bond. A consent form indicates that the person for whom the consent must be given is not yet 21. The absence of a consent form implies that the party was probably over 21 (the paper may have been lost or misfiled).
[Because superscript letters will not produce well in e-mail or some other formats, I have indicated the raised letter in the abbreviation by preceding it with an apostrophe.
TRANSCRIPT OF MARRIAGE BOND OF FRANCIS PACE:
Know all men by these presents that we Francis Pace and John Pace Jun'r are held and firmly bound to his Excellency Patrick Henry Esq. Governor or chief magistrate of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the Sum of fifty pounds to be paid to the Governor or to his Successors in office for the use of the s'd Commonwealth To the payment whereof well and truly to be made we bind ourselves our Heirs, Executors, and Administrators Together[?] and Severally formerly by these presents Sealed with our Seals and dated this 10th Day of Oct Anno Domino 1785.
The Condition of the above Obligation is such that whereas there is a Marriage shortly intended to be had and solemnized between the above bound Francis Pace and Elizabeth Roberson now if there is no lawful cause to obstruct the said marriage then this obligation to be void and also to remain in full force and Virtue.
His Sealed and delivered Francis X Pace Seal mark
In presence of His Jn' Timberlake John X Pace Jun'r Seal mark
2. On the next page of microfilm: CONSENT FOR FRANCIS PACE:
This is to Certify you that I Consent that My Son Francis Pace Shall marry Elisebeath Roberson Daughter of John Roberson given under my Hand this 9 day of October 1784
To M'r John Pace seal
John Timberlake
Test
Benj'n Pace
John Roberson
3. Fluvanna County (VA) Certificates of Marriage 1781-1849; page 10
(Microfilm at LVA), MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE OF FRANCIS PACE:
Fluvanna Sc't[state?court] Certifies that about the 10th day of October 1785 a marriage was solemnized between Francis Pace and Elizabeth Robinson by me
Phillip Webber
Registered in the Clerk's Office of Fluvanna County
Teste Jn' Timberlake C.C. [Clerk of Court]
Summary:
Francis Pace (no "X" middle initial; the X was his mark) is the son of John Pace (Sr), and Elizabeth Robinson/Roberson is the daughter of John Roberson. The consent document for Francis Pace fixes his birth date, at the earliest, as late in the year 1764. Elizabeth is apparently of age, placing her estimated date of birth as 1764 or earlier.
Most of the parties are together on October 9 when John Pace (Sr) writes out his son's consent document, and it is witnessed by Benjamin Pace and John Roberson (NOT Benjamin Pace and Benjamin Robinson has some transcriptions have incorrectly stated). We cannot be certain that the John Roberson who witnesses John Pace Sr.'s signature is the father of Elizabeth, and not another John Roberson. However, the marriage bond gives some additional clues.
On the following day, October 10, Francis Pace and John Pace Jr. go to the courthouse to swear out the marriage bond. Note that John Pace Jr. is serving in the role usually played by the father (or widowed mother) of the bride.
It appears that none of the parents is able to travel to the courthouse. It may be that they are elderly or infirm. Or they may just be too busy. Note the time of year. On October 10 on a central Virginia farm, everyone would be busy with the end of the last harvest, storing supplies for the winter, and in short getting everything done before the frosts and freezes begin. This is about the time that the first frost can be expected in central Virginia.
The John Pace Jr. who co-signs Francis' bond is NOT the same has Francis' father John Pace.
Francis' father signs his full name. Francis and John Jr. both sign with their mark. This is probably one of Francis' brothers (or even a cousin). The use of "Jr" at this time did not necessarily signify that a man had father of the same name, but that he was the younger person of that name in the area. [I'll have to look back at the Pace history to check that line.]
Phillip Webber, pastor at Lyle's Church (Baptist) in Fluvanna (and William Baskett's immediate predecessor), certifies that the marriage was performed "about 10 Oct 1785." That is the same date shown on the bond, so either they were in a hurry to get married, or Webber used that day because he couldn't quite recall which day he'd married them. Rev. Douglas' register simply gives the day of the marriage as 10 Oct 1785, but he was notoriously bad about making up marriage dates after the fact (to show for the Official Church's record that the parents were married when the first child was born). And he didn't perform the wedding.
COMPARISON OF FRANCIS' AND BENJAMIN'S MARRIAGE DOCUMENTS:
To review, John Roberson/Robinson does co-sign (with his signature, not his mark) Benjamin Pace's marriage bond in Fluvanna on 30 September 1784. This is the traditional role for the father of the bride, if available, though there is nothing else to indicate that Anne is his daughter. The signatures of John Roberson on the two documents are similar enough that they could have been signed by the same person. The main differences are that the consent document is written with a much blunter quill and thicker ink, which gives the signature a bolder appearance. Also, when signing the bond it appears that John runs out of ink after the broad top sweep of the R and when he continues picks up with the last downward stroke of the letter. This gives the two Rs in the consent and bond a different appearance, but I believe they could have been made with the same hand.
Also of note: Benjamin Pace signs the 1784 document with his mark, but a year later signs with an abbreviated signature. [Topic to be explored later...]
So, from these documents we have
John Pace
-- known son Francis Pace (born after 9 Oct. 1764)
-- John Pace Jr. (Brother of Francis?)
John Roberson/Robinson
-- known daughter Elizabeth Roberson (probably born before 9 Oct 1764)
-- probable daughter Ann Robinson
Ann Roberson/Robinson married Benjamin Pace -- relationship to other Paces cannot be determined from these documents alone.
Unfortunately, we're back to square one on the Roberson/Robinson question. I'm not going to worry too much about this, knowing from experienced Robinson researchers that variations on that family name were being used interchangeably in this era.
Best regards,
Rosanna Bencoach 1817 Seddon Rd, Richmond, VA 23227-4333
e-mail: rosieb@sprynet.com
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HISTORY OF THE CASH FAMILY From the information available it appears that the Cash family name is one of the oldest in Virginia. While the date of their arrival from Europe has not been ascertained, it is certain that they were amoung the first settlers in the colony.
William Cash made a will in Westmoreland County in 1707, naming his wife Elizabeth, sons William, Thomas, John, Howard, Joseph, Peter, and daughter Anish as his heirs.
Westmoreland County lies along Potomas(?) River, and was the birthplace of George Washington. An item in St. Pauls Parish Register, page 207, says that Stephen Cash was married to Jemima Grinning, King George County May 26, 1747. This County joins Westmoreland. Stephen was probably a grandson of William. He moved to Albermarle County after his marriage, as we find him serving as a soldier in militia from that County in 1758. There is a deed record in Fluvana County conveying a tract of land from Howard Cash to Stephen Cash in 1751. These two were either brothers or cousins. Either Amhurst County was cut off from Albermarl, or these men moved there, as numerous deeds are on record in Amherst, made by them.We are of the opinion that on of these men was the ancestor of Warren Cash, as the first record we find of him is in this county.
At a court held in Fluvanna County on Thursday the 3rd day of Oct-1782, Warren Cash came into court and made it satisfactorily appear that he enlisted as a soldier in the service of the United States for the term of three years, and served the same and was legally discharged therefrom, and produced a certificate of his discharge, under the hand of Christian Fibegar, Col. Comdg. 2nd Volunteer Brigade bearing dateJan, 20th-1780, and claiming the land allowed by law. The court are of opinion that he is entitled thereto, which is ordered to be certified. John Timberlake, Deputy Clerk In 1835 Warren Cash of Hardin County Kentucky, made claim to further compensation of land, for service, through John P. Duval of Bardstown, Kentucky. This claim was not allowed. All these papers signed by Warren Cash (X) his mark are on file in the archives of Virginia. This certificate is also on file in Fluvanna County: This certifies that Warren Cash, and Susanna Basket was joined in marriage November 24th, 1782. Signed Phillip Webber. Entered in the clerks office Fluvanna County 2-Jan-1783 John Cobb - clerk
11Apr1815 Susanna Basket-Cash gave Warren Cash power of Attorney to dispose of land she had inherited from her father in Fluvanna County. Warren sold these lands to John Basket 27Nov1815 Warren Cash pf fluvanna County, VA was paid 57 pounds, 15 shillings and 11 pence for service in Revolution 18Jun1784 Rev. War Records Vol.4 pg131 and Vol. 17 pg 260> Archdell Cash, Sargt. of infantry in Revolution was paid 54 pounds 27Jun1783 Rachell Cash of Rockingham County VA, was allowed compensation acct. being a widow of a revolutionary soldier 20May1779. William Cash, father of a revolutionary soldier was given compensation in King George County, VA March 1779 Bartlett Cash born in Amhurst County, VA 1757, served three months in 1776 under Capt. John Sale, and Lt james Franklin of Col. Christians Brigade against the Charokee Indians.
The Virginia Census of 1782 showed the following Cash familied in Amhurst County, VA: Bartlett Cash................2 in family Joseph Cash................1 Tabitha Cash...............7 Stephen Cash..............2 Howard Cash..............6 Ruth Cash...................6 Tamson Cash..............6 John Cash...................2 William Cash...............8
At the same time the following owned land in King George County: James Cash..................250 acres William Cash..................50 acres Archidell Cash..............176 acres John Cash.....................124 acres Besides the above, Sarah Cash owned land, also Archibald and John Jr. in King George County, VA.
The following Cash Marriages are recorded in Amhurst County, VA: John Cash to Sally Worthan 10Nov1795 Joel Cash to Elizabeth Rogers 30Oct1795 Samuel Cash to Joice Major 9May1808 Jesse Cash to Peggy Parsons 7Jul1808 John Cash to Lucinda Shoemaker 22Oct1808 James Cash to Nancy Ulright 1792 Randolph Cash to Sophia Cash 4Dec1810 Barnett Cash to Sally Tucker 7Apr1806 Mary Cash to Edward Carter 8Dec1810 Randolph Cash to Sally Bibb 1Jan1794 William Cash to Jane Patterson 4Jun1781 (Son of Stephen Cash) Peter Cash to Ann Holliday 16Jun1789 Howard Cash to Sally Gillispie 16Jan1792 Belinda Cash to John W. Campbell 9Mar1818 (daughter of James Cash) Lewis Cash to Polly Mays 25Nov1818 Jesse Cash to Synthia Mays 25Nov1816 Ruben Cash to Bethemia Wright 18Dec1811 - James Cash, Jamima Cash and William Cash, witnesses Polly Cash to Nelson L. Mays 14Apr1817 Peachy Cash to Polly Wright 17Nov1817 Stephen Cash(H) to Sally Tucker 24Jan1824 (Washington Cash - witness) James Cash to Polly Cash 26Nov1836 John Cash to Tamsey Lowhorn 19Jan1836 Joel Cash to Elizabeth Mays 16Nov1830(John and Jesse witness) Samuel G. Cash to Sophia W. Mountcastle 17Aug1837 James F. Cash to Haney Mays 22Jan1829 Chary G. (Charity) Cash to Jerome W. Staples 9Jan1838 John W. Cash to Rebecca Montcastle 23Feb1846 Emily D. Cash to Marble C. Goodwin 17Feb1840 (daughter of Barnett Cash)
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BRADSHAW, P.W (Pierce Wade) 45 m VA fmr b 22 Jul 1803; s/o Benjamin BRADSHAW b 28 May 1758 Albemarle Co VA d 12 Jan 1841 Jefferson Co TN & Frances "Fanny" MELTON who were m 21 Jan 1788 in Fluvanna Co VA by Phillip Webber a Protestant preacher who resided in Goochland Co VA; Benjamin was a PVT in the CO of Capt NAPIER in the Regt of Col. EARNEST in the VA MILITIA for eleven months; he was placed on the East TN pension roll at $36.66 per annum under the Act of 1832, Certificate #29668 was issued 26 Jan 1835; at his death his widow Fanny BRADSHAW was placed on the Knoxville TN pension
Phillip Webber (b. November 12, 1752)
Notes for Phillip Webber: