DIRECT ANCESTRAL LINE

CAROL J. TATE-DeGRAFF

Compiled by:

Carol J. Tate-DeGraff (CA)

June 2000

Info. From:

“Tates of the Southern States” (Laura W. Mentzel/Ethel S. Updike)

Menasco “Roots & Leaves” (Virginia Norman)

“Saxon & Allied Families” (Jackie Saxon)

Dola Tate-Schild-Tylor (VA)

Mary Elizabeth Tate-Brooks (TN)

“Tate History” (Amer. Genealogical Research Institute)

James Striegel Tate

Alma Meadows

This documentation is done in order for my descendants to learn more about their Family History, and is dedicated to my father, Ernest Allen Tate, who didn’t find his family until the age of 61.

Origin of the “TATE” Family surname:

We may properly credit the Romans with originating our modern system of names, but we may equally blame the demise of this intelligent practice on the barbarians who swept across Western Europe between the 3^rd and 5^th centuries A.D. During the Dark Ages (following the fall of Rome) most Europeans were known first only by their given name, and later occasionally by their given name prefixed to their place of birth.

The advent of the 11^th century, however, saw the cultural, social, and economic conditions in Europe grow more complex. Populations increased dramatically; the rise of deudalism and the early stirrings of mercantilism supplanted the simple communal life of the country village. All these developments forced people into ever-growing towns and cities. Communication, the handmaid of commerce, became more efficient. Under such conditions, the use of a single name caused increasing confusion, and soon, the hereditary surname (a last name, bequeathed to each generation of children in the same or similar form) found growing acceptance.

Perhaps the most notable instance of this development was the introduction of feudalism into England with the Norman Invasion of 1066. Within the space of three generations, the French worked an almost total transformation of English culture. In particular, the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic language was merged with, and in some cases was replaced by, the native tongue of the new Norman rulers. In the course of time other modifications followed and hereditary surnames achieved a clearly defined order previously unknown. Beginning in the 17^th century, this system was transferred virtually intact to the American colonies.

The family name Tate is an interesting example of the evolutionary nature of this system. Like many surnames, it has several possible origins. It may derive from a personal name such as the Old Norse name “Teit”, or the Anglo-Saxon “Tata”. “Teitr” was an Old Norse word for merry and may also have been a source for this family name. Although the British are generally thought of as an Anglo-Norman people, Northern Britian was widely settled by Norse people. Their contribution to the English language is still evident today. PLEASE NOTE: Norse & Norman original meaning were Viking/Northman.

After the Conquest, Norman domination caused many significant changes in Britain, including the adoption of hereditary surnames. It is possible that at least one branch of the Tate family name developed from the Norman French word for head, “tete”, which was sometimes spelled “tait”. This may indicate an origin as a nickname. Alternately, it may have evolved from a local place name such as “atte rivers tait” (at the river’s head).

The English system of naming, previous to the 12^th century was rather informal. The Anglo-Saxons generally picked one name for each child, which was often created from a compound of nouns and adjectives to form a “Theme” name unlike any other name. Descriptive information, such as place of birth, occupation, relationship (son of), or nicknames was often added to the persons Christian name. When the British began following the Norman custom of repeating simple names such as William, Robert, Walter, or Ralph, hereditary surnames became a necessity to avoid confusion. Consequently, many persons who were known locally by such names as “William, atte (at the) tate”, or “Rob, son of Godfrey”, found it convenient to call themselves William Tate and Rob Godfrey and retain these names as hereditary.

Due to its several possible origins, the surname Tate belongs in at least two and possibly three of the four general classes of name origin presently in use by genealogists. These classes in order of size are: place names (Hill, Rivers), relationship (Robertson, Walters), occupation (Mason, Miller), and nicknames (Longfellow, Turnbull).

Because of the evolutionary nature of name development, it is virtually impossible to pinpoint the exact date of the formation of any new name. Tate, of course, is no exception. However, some of the ancient records of the English nation, including the famous Hundred Rolls, give evidence of early forms of the name and show usage as early as 1273. The names listed below are excerpts from these records.

Nicholas Tate – County Cambridgeshire – Hundred Rolls, 1273

William Tate – St. Dionis Backchurch Marriage Records, 1635

The surname Tate is most abundant in the English county of Durham (See Durham Family through my father’s mother’s Menasco family) and is also found in Northumberland. By the time of the 1^st Census in America in 1790, many Tate families had settled in this country. The average Tate Household had 5.5 members and census records indicate that there were more Tate Heads-of-Households living in Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and North Carolina than in any other part of America. Official United States records compiled in 1974 indicate that in that year Tate was the 440^th most frequently occurring surname in the nation. Today, (at the printing of this book in 1978), there were approximately 62,200 adult Americans named Tate.

The question of rightful ownership of coat armor does not pertain in this country, and just a few families have legitimate claim to specific insignia. Heraldry is instead highly regarded for its aesthetic and historical qualities – for the symbols, devices, and colors generally associated with any particular surname tell a story of our ancestors. Burke’s General Armory lists 2 different coats of arms for the Tate family:

Heraldry (Coat of Arms): There are 2 Coat of Arms for the Tate Family: 1 is French, #2 is English. Following is the English Tate: Arms: Per fess or/and gules a pale counterchanged, 3 Cornish Choughs proper.

Crest: An arm enbowed and couped at the shoulder vested per pale gules and/or holding in the hand proper a pine branch.

(in regular language)

Arms: 3 Blackbirds on a shield divided by a horizontal line, the top half gold and the bottom half red, with a vertical bar down the center, each half the color of the opposite side.

Crest: An arm bent at the elbow and cut off at the shoulder with the sleeve divided by a line, the left side red and the right side gold, holding in the hand a gold pine branch.

Bends=diagonal stripes

Resses=Horizontal stripes/Chevrons:=self explanatory

Crosses=self-explanatory

Charges=Representations of animals and natural objects. Did not become popular until the 2^nd half of the 12^th Century when the use of surnames was revived.

The French Tate Family Coat of Arms is easily distinguished from the English family, for its Crest is a Blue Lion with a Gold Fleur-de-lis on the shoulder.

Burke, Sir Bernard. “The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, & Wales” London: 1884. Reprint. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1969 is the main reference source for English Coat-of-Arms.

Ancestral Emigrants:

The first immigrants were the English, who were to lead all other nationalities in immigration until the first half of the 19^th century. Early English immigrants consisted, basically, of two different groups who settled in two different places: The Puritans in Massachusetts and the Cavaliers in Virginia.

Later, a flood of immigrants to Virginia was a direct result of the English civil war………King Charles 1^st attempted to force loans from the gentry and commercial class. The gentry refused, and Charles became desperate for money….When hostilities broke out, the battle lines were drawn between the Royalists, who supported the king, and the Puritans, who supported Parliament.

The Royalists were recruited from the Cavaliers, who were, for the most part, wealthy landowners & Roman Catholics; the bulk of the Puritan forces were drawn mostly from the common people. When the series of wars raged from 1642 to 1649, many people, Puritan and Royalists alike, left England for the New World, but Cromwell’s final victory over Charles 1^st prompted a huge migration of Cavaliers to Virginia. Virginia appeared to be the only refuge for supporters of the monarchy, they were not welcome in Puritan New England. Also, in Virginia, the Cavaliers found a social and economic system, which was already similar to that of the English, gentry. Large tobacco plantations were the outgrowth of the earliest settlements, and, as time passed, these plantations took on the aura of the English estate. From its beginning, the Virginia Colony had a significant population of gentry. In most cases the colonial gentry was made up of the younger sons of the English landed families. Emigration to Virginia offered a ready opportunity for employment and the important chance of achieving high social standing. Many people came because they were forced to—vagrants, paupers, thieves, even prisoners of war were deported to America. It may be seen that great numbers of immigrants were actually driven to the New World; driven because of political, economic, or religious reasons, or sometimes more directly, driven out by the law because they were considered to be undesirables………

… By the 1^st half of the 19^th century, Irish and German immigrants began to pour in. It is estimated that nearly one million came in a 5-year period as a direct result of the potato famine in Ireland in 1845.

In passing, the desire for a homestead as a motive for both immigration and migration cannot be underestimated. A great impetus was given to both movements on 20 May 1862, when Abraham Lincoln signed the Homestead Act into law. The law gave to “Any person who is the head of a family, or who has arrived at the age of 21 years, and is a citizen of the United States, or who shall have filed his declaration of intention to become such,” the right to 160 acres of land for only a filing fee and the stipulation that he live on it for at least 5 years and make certain improvements……

If your ancestors immigrated in, or prior to, 1800, the listing which follows contains all known recorded immigrants of the Tate Family for that time frame:

1. Elizabeth Tate; emigrated from London, England to Maryland on board the ship “Maryland Planter” in Feb. 1775; age 20; spinster; indentured servant for four years.

2. George Tate; transported (*) from Newgate Prison to Maryland on board the ship “Rappahanock” in Mar.1726/7; indentured servant.

3. James Tate (or Tute); immigrated to Virginia around 1652.

4. James Tate; transported from Newgate Prison to Virginia on board the ship “Forward Gally” in Oct.1729; indentured servant.

5. John Tate; immigrated to Virginia in or prior to 1665; owned 80 acres of land in Charles City Co. in that year.

(note): Seems as a very good possibility that this may be the father of my 7^th Great-Grandfather John Tate, who was born in Virginia 1670.***

6. John Tate; emigrated from Scotland to Savannah, GA with his wife and 4 children on board the ship “Marlborough” in August 1774; age 25; carpenter.

7. Magnus Tate; died 1747; emigrated from Orkney Islands north of Ireland to Philadephia, PA in 1696; settled at Frederick Co., VA, then moved to Jefferson Co., W. Virginia; married to Honor (last name unknown).(see famous Tates for descendants)

8. Mary Tate; transported from Newgate Prison to Maryland on board the ship “Speedwell and Mediterranean” in April 1741; indentured servant.

9. Oliver Tate; emigrated from Ireland to New York on board the ship “York” in Jan. 1775; age 21; husbandman (farmer), indentured servant.

10. Samuel Tate; emigrated from County Derry, Ireland to Pennsylvania in 1763. (see famous Tates for descendants)

11. Thomas Tate; emigrated from England to Virginia on board the ship “Globe” in August 1635; age 22.

(*): There were no less that 150 capital crimes in England for which a man might be transported. Of course, there were the expected ones of murder, arson, and treason, but there were also lesser ones such as maiming, stealing a cow, cutting down trees along an avenue, sending threatening letters, and standing mute when addressed by a legal official. Some convicts were even people of quality. One gentleman of high birth, for instance, was transported for stealing books out of a library. As a child, George Washington was taught to read and write by a transported convict who had been a schoolmaster. Especially in the countryside, the crimes, which resulted in transportation, were often very petty. One man was transported for stealing a silver shoebuckle. Another was sent to America and indentured for seven years for the theft of a chicken.

(*) Indentured Servant: received free transportation to America, and at the end of his/her contract, which usually ran 4 years, received his/her freedom dues. This payment was usually clothing, a gun, tools, some money, and sometimes as much as fifty acres of land. The indentured servant had often learned a useful trade as well.

The usual price of a passage to Maryland or Virginia was 6 pounds.

Following is a list of some marriages in America prior to 1800

1. Elizabeth Tate; m. Harris, Matthew in 1764 probably in Amherst Co., VA.

2. Hannah Tate; m. Hathaway, John 16 May 1792, Boston, Mass.

3. John Tate; m. Steele, Jane around mid-18^th century, probably in Charlestown, W. Virginia/d. 1802

4. Magnus Tate; m. Reilly, Mary McCormack- in 1759, probably in Charlestown, W. Virginia

5. Mary Tate; (daughter of #3. above), m. Finley, Samuel in 1795, probably in Virginia

Census of 1790: (signed into law March 1, 1790 by Pres. George Washington)

Unfortunately, the Capitol was burned by the British forces during the War of 1812, and the schedules for the areas that constituted the present states of Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia were destroyed.

Below are listed the names of all the heads of families bearing the name Tate in 12 of the 13 original states (the schedules of Delaware having been destroyed in 1812, and those of Virginia having been reconstructed from state enumerations taken inn 1782, 1783, and 1785). The list numbers over 50 family heads in the states of Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and Virginia. Following the name is the county or district (as in the case of North and South Carolina) of domicile of the particular individual. Additional names from a reconstructed 1800 Census schedule (compiled from lists of taxpayers) for the state of Kentucky are also included:

Patriots and Veterans:

Revolutionary War:

Patriots were persons who for some reason (too old, physically handicapped, females, etc) to fight. Veterans were the persons who actually did fighting.

Military records located in the National Archives and the Library of Congress are a primary source. Because these records are both reliable and thorough, they are used to accredit membership in such patriotic societies as the Daughters of the American Revolution.

Entries in military records range from a simple listing of a soldier’s first and last names to such information as the dates and places of his birth and death, his wife’s and children’s names, the date of his enlistment or commission, his rank and promotions, the unit in which he served, and in some cases, his pension award.

Pension documentation in the National Archives is divided into pension application records and pension payment records. Records are indexed either alphabetically by name of veteran, alphabetically in the remarried widows index, or by application or certificate number (which also has a name index attached). Files are divided into the 7 following series: Revolutionary War invalid series; Revolutionary War service series; Old Wars series; War of 1812 series; Mexican War series; Civil War and later series; and Indian War series.

Following is a list of some Tates who were Patriots or Veterans in the Revolutionary War:

1. John Robert Tate Sr. (1710/1801), Private-Virginia Unit/wife: Doak, Mary (1710) (My 6^th Great-Grandparents, cjd)

2. John Tate (1742/1828), Colonel-Virginia Unit/wife: Bracken, Mary (5^th G’Granduncle/aunt)

3. John Tate, Jr. (1749/1803), Soldier-Virginia Unit/wife: Steele, Jane (?-5^th G’GrandUncle/Aunt)

4. John Tate (1758/1838), Private-Pennsylvania unit, pensioned/wife: Oliphant, Anne

5. John Tate (1761/1836), Private-Virginia unit/wife: Mayse, Susanna (4^th G’GrandUncle/Aunt) (son of #2 above)

6. Henry Tate (bt.1725/1793),Private-did patriotic service in Virginia/wife: unknown, Sarah

7. Samuel Tate (1751/1851), Private-Pennsylvania unit/wife: Caldwell, Elizabeth (uncle/aunt)

8. Samuel Tate (1751/aft.1831), Private-Pennsylvania unit/wife: John, Nancy

9. James Tate (1738/1799), Chaplain-N. Carolina unit/wife: Bradley, Margaret

10. James Tate (1741/1781), Captain-Virginia unit/wife: Hall, Sarah (uncle/aunt)

11. James Tate (1746/aft.1804), Sergeant-Virginia unit/wife: Hudson, Rebecca (?uncle/aunt)

12. William Tate (1738/1781), Mate-ship out of Massachusetts/wife: Traill, Isabella

13. William Tate (1740/1782), Patriotic Service-Pennsylvania/wife: #1=Dixon, Martha/#2=Dixon, Mrs. Ann Nichols-

14. William Tate (1747/aft.1792), Captain-S. Carolina unit/wife: unknown, Elizabeth (uncle/aunt)

15. William Tate (1753/1830), Captain-Virginia unit/wife: Mitchell, Dorcas

16. Nathaniel Tate (1740/1810), Captain-Virginia unit/wife: #1=Tarry, Rhoda/#2=Gilliam, Susann

17. Thomas Tate (1746/1833), Lieutenant-Virginia unit/wife: Campbell, Jane (uncle/aunt)

18. Robert Tate (1746/1814), Lieutenant-Maryland unit/wife: unknown

19. Robert [Hood, Sr.] Tate (1753/1832),Private-Virginia unit/wife: McClung, Margaret (Mary-Polly)(5^th G’G-parents)

20. Robert Tate (1754/aft. 1798), Ensign-Pennsylvania unit/wife: Campbell, Nancy(uncle/aunt)

21. Jesse Tate (aft.11746/aft.1804), Lieutenant-Virginia unit/wife: Miller, Margaret

22. Waddy Tate (1751/1789), Captain-N. Carolina unit/wife: unknown, Anne

23. David Tate (1759/1838),Sergeant-Virginia unit/wife: Knox, Comfort

24. Edward Tate (?/bef.1794), Private-Pennsylvania unit/wife: Gast, Barbara

Famous Tates:

1. Magnus Tate: (descendant of Emmigrant #4, Magnus Tate)(1760, Berkeley City, VA [now W.VA]/?, Martinsburg, VA [now W.VA]; lawyer/farmer; Judge-Berkeley City Court 1798; City Sheriff 1819-1820/ Member of VA House of Delegates 1797, 1803, 1809, & 1810; elected Federalist of 14^th Congress 1815-1817.

2. Samuel McDowell-Tate: (descendant of Emmigrant #8, Samuel Tate) (9-6-1830, Morganton, N. Carolina/?, Morganton, N. Carolina); soldier; schooling-Morganton, N. Carolina/Bedford, Pennsylvania; Postmaster-Morganton 1855-60; associated with the construction of Salisbury-Morganton section of the Western N. Carolina RR; went to Hardin Co., TX-made real estate investments; Civil War-recruited Co. “D”, 6^th Infantry Regiment, N. Carolina State Troops, Captain, after Gettsyburg was promoted to Lt. Colonel-Battles: 1^st Manassas, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, and others; 2^nd battle of Manassas was promoted to Major, wounded at Petersburg 1865; Elected President of Western N. Carolina RR; elected N. Carolina House of Representatives 1874; instrumental in establishment of Hospital for the Insane at Morganton and relocation of N. Carolina School for the Deaf to Morganton; re-elected to Legislature 1880, 1882, & 1884; National Bank Examiner S.E. District 1886-1892; appointed Treasurer of N. Carolina. (parents: David Tate/Susan Maria)/wife: Pearson, Jane m.1866 had 10 children:

1) Franklin P., 2) Susan V., 3) Samuel, 4) Claude, 5) Maude, 6) Wilhelmina, 7) Irene, 8) Howard W., 9) Alexander, 10) Charles G.

3. Farish Cater Tate: (11-20-1856, Jasper, GA/2-7-1922, bur. TATE Family Cemetery); schooling: N. GA Agricultural College/Dahlonega, GA; lawyer; Member of Gen. Assembly of GA 1882-87; Delegate to Stat Democratic convention 1888; Democrat 53^rd-58^th Congresses; U.S. Dist. Attorney- N. District of GA, appointed by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt, reappointed by Pres. Taft 1905-1913; resumed law practice in Jasper, GA.

4. William Knox Tate: (9-8-1870, nr. Tate Springs, TN/?)(parents: William C. Tate/Lowe, Mary Rebecca)/wife: Harris, Lizzie mar. 1896); (possible descendant/relative of Rev. War Vet #23’s wife Comfort Know); schooling-A.B. Degree Univ. of Arkansas, A.M. Degree-Peabody College for Teachers 1892, A.M. Degree-Univ. Nashville, TN 1900; teacher-Siloam Springs, AR 1888-1890; teacher-Principal High School, Tyler,, TX 1892-98; Principal of Meninger Normal School Charleston, S. Carolina 1898-1910; Asst. Supt. Of Schools in Charleston 1908-1910; State Supv. Country Schools S. Carolina 1910-14; Professor Elem. Education-Univ. S. Carolina 1910-14; Treasurer Geo. Peabody College for Teachers/Prof. Rural Education 1914-17; Special representative U.S. Bureau of Education to study Swiss school system 1912; AUTHOR: “Teachers Manual for Elem. Schools of S. Carolina” (1910)-“Some Suggestive Features of the Swiss School System” (1913).

5. John Humphreys Tate: (1915, nr. Harper’s Ferry, W. VA/1-7-1892, Cincinnati, OH) (descendant of Emmigrant #4, Magnus Tate)/wife: Chenoweth, Margaret Kincaid, 1853; 9 children: 1) Magnus Tate (physician), 2) Raph Tate (physician), other 7 children are unknown; schooling, Hanover College, S. Hanover Medical College of OH, Grad. 1840; went to Paris to further education/surgery; Chair of Physiology, Hygiene, Medical Jurisprudence in the Ohio Medical College & staff physician 1856-58; Faculty member Cincinnati Ohio Medical College 1870; Obstetrician-Gynecologist Cincinnati Medical Hospital 1873-75; Originator of the “TATE Method” of restoring an inverted uterus; Founded Cincinnati Medical College Library.

TATE Family DIRECT DESCENDANCY LINE FROM 7^th GREAT-GRANDPARENTS:

Please note that members of the Tate & extended Families, to whom I am grateful for their hard work have documented the following information, for without them I would not have had so easily the following information:

TATE FAMILIES OF WASHINGTON & RUSSELL COUNTIES, VA:

(please Note: Same Place/Different Names=1738-Augusta Co./1769-Botetourt Co./1772-Fincastle Co./1776-Washington Co./1785-Russell Co., VA)

There were several families of the name TATE in So. W. Virginia before the Revolution and some were not related. This record of the Tate Family is the 2^nd book on the Tate Family to be published by the compiler(s). We are still looking for our own family, we are glad to finally get the records put together in an orderly fashion, having done so, we have come to a definite conclusion about the different branches. John Tate who had a brother-in-law, named Francis Beaty and whose descendants subsequently moved through N. Carolina and then to S. Carolina possibly is the line of our ancestors. It has been a pleasure putting these families together. The Russell and Washington Co. Tates were difficult to separate. The Tates of Warren and Grundy Co., TN have made it difficult to get them straightened out because of the inter-marriages between the early pioneer families. They have lived there for 180 years. As a consequence it becomes a history of a county with marriages among the following pioneer families: Bost, Dykes, Fults, Armfield, Barnes, Bess, Beaty, Boulding, Brown, Coppinger, Creighton, Dugan, Green, Gross, Hill, Hobbs, Killian, King, Lockhart, Morton, Northcutt, Nunley, Savage, Scruggs, Smith, Stokes, Walker, Woodlee and other families. (see separate listing entitled “Combined Families” which is an alphabetical listing of Tates plus all Family Names through marriages and persons in each

Family, and their descendants plus their marriages, etc.

There were 2 Tate Families living in Washington County, VA, about the same time and we wish to separate them by itemizing all the details of the settlement.

A. John Tate (c1670, Ulster, Ireland)/Beaty, Sarah (1687, VA)(6 children)(my 7^th G’Grandparents-cjd)(“Tates….#A, p.169)

(“Tates…p.169) The progenitor of this family was a member of the covenator Creed, his parents left Scotland and settled in the North of Ireland. He was born c1670 in Ulster, Ireland, was wounded in the siege of Londonderry Apr. 1689 and suffered ill effects the remainder of his life, though he did not die young. He married Sarah Beaty, sister of Francis and John Beaty. One John Tate had land in Beerley Manor, Augusta Co., VA in 1749 and lived near Francis Beaty who had land in both Beverley Manor and Bordens surveys of Augusta Co., VA. It is not known by us (but proven by other Tates after the printing of this book) if the above mentioned John Tate was father of John Tate of Bedford Springs, PA whose family is mentioned by several writers of Augusta Co., VA. John Tate, of this sketch was brother-in-law of Francis Beaty. On 10 Oct 1769 Francis Beaty Gent. Of Mechlenburg Co., NC Power of Attorney to John Tate, brother-in-law, of Augusta Co., VA to sell land belonging to Francis Beaty, including land purchased of John Kerr on Flat Spring Branch, adjacent to other land where I last lived before moving to NC. Also 200 acres adjacent to Charles Berry. Wit: Robert Gray, John and James Beaty. Ref: “Chronicles of Scot-Irish in Virginia”, by Lyman Chalkley, Vol. 3, p.501; Mecklenburg Co., NC Will Book “G”, p.81; Kershaw Co., SC Will book “C”, p.20; Book “1”, p.31. Mrs. Edwina Epperson Muff.

CHILDREN BORN IN IRELAND:

1. Tate, John (Robert Sr.-) (b. 1710, No. Ulster, Ireland/3-1801, Augusta Co., VA)/Doak, Mary (1710-24,PA) m.1743(8 children) (my 6^th G’Grandparents)

2. Tate, James (b. 1716, No. Ulster, Ireland)/Campbell, Nancy

3. Tate, Robert b. (1718, No. Ulster, Ireland)

4. Tate, Samuel (b. (1720, No. Ulster, Ireland)/unknown

5. Tate, William (b. 1721, No. Ulster, Ireland)

6. Tate, Elizabeth (b. 1722, No. Ulster Ireland)/McConnell, William

7. Tate, Sarah (b. 1724, No. Ulster, Ireland)/Mitchell, James

* (note: not sure if Robert is son, believe that the name Robert is middle name of #1. Above)

1. Tate, John Robert Sr. (b. 1710, No. Ireland/3-1801, Augusta Co., VA)/Doak, Mary (1710-24, PA/aft 1772)(7 children)(my 6^th Great-Grandparents)

John Robert Tate Sr’s estate was taxed in 1794, indicating that he had passed on prior to that date. Augusta Co., VA., was formed in 1738 and comprised a great part of Virginia. Botetourt Co. was formed in 1769, Fincastle Co. in 1772, Washington Co. in 1776, and Russell Co. in 1785 where they eventually found themselves living. Robert Tate, Sr. died prior to 1794, however his son Robert Tate Jr. continued to be called Jr. In Nov. 1804 Russell Co. VA a power of attorney was granted by Sarah Hanley to her friend Robert Tate Jr to receive rent due me on land in Orange Co., N.C. wit: Richard Davis, Robert Tate, Jr., and Aaron Tate. Ref: Russell Co., VA-tax digest; power of attorney

(“Tates…p.169”) Immigrated to Pennsylvania c1730. They came to Augusta Co., VA in Oct 1744 from Bedford Springs, PA, where he married Mary Doak, a sister of Samuel Doak in 1743, and where their children were born. Mary Doak was born in 1824 and died after 1882. John served as a private soldier in the Rev. War. Bill 28 Jul 1803 John Tate, father of Thomas and brother James had a mill together. John died testate and left part of the mill to son (John), son (Thomas), and to John & Isaac (sons of brother James who died 1781, killed at Guilford). Thomas Tate removed to the Holston. John Tate, Sr., died in 3-1801. Charles Tate deposes: Washington Co., VA 1805, that he is the son of Thomas and grandson of John Tate.

Ref: John Tate Service record Dept. of War Adj. Gen. Office, Wash., DC: Chalkley’s Augusta Co., VA records-Vol.2, p126, Will p249; John Tate’s Will, dd 21 Nov 1792, pro 1 Apr 1801. 3^rd son, John-oldest son Thomas, tract to John Stuart, son, Robert Tate and son-in-law, Benjamin Stewart, Exors.

ISSUE BORN; (#8.born Bedford Springs, Pa/ #9-13 born AUGUSTA CO., VA:

8. Thomas Lieut. (1744 or [6-11-1744], PA)/Campbell, Jane (d.2-27-1819) m. Oct 1764 (parents:Charles/Buchanan, Margaret)

Lived in Smyth Co., VA

9. James, Capt. (1741/6, VA/3-15-1781 [battle of Guilford Courthouse in NC-Rev.War)/Hall, Sarah (remarried 4-24-178_?, moved to Kentucky)

10.+ Col. John Robert Jr. (1743/8-9, VA/12-15-1828)/Bracken, Mary (1743)(#2,p.1-2)

11. Eleanor (10-29-1747, VA/?)/Stewart, Benjamin

12.+ William (1747 [11-20-1953], VA/aft.2-7-1792)/(unknown, Elizabeth) or (Mitchell, Dorcas) (#4, p.3)

13.+ Robert Hood Sr. (1745/53, VA/1796)/McClung, Margaret (Mary) (1745)(parents: John McClung/Elizabeth Alexander) (#3, p.2-3)

(14-?) Sarah (1746, VA/?)/unknown

13. Robert Hood Tate Sr (c1745, Augusta Co., VA/7-24-1796, Washington Co., VA)/McClung (McCline), Margaret (Mary (Polly) (1745) (my 5^th Great-Grandparents)(p.2-3, #3)

Robert Jr. received a land grant of 174 acres in Fincastle Co., VA 13 Dec 1774 on Big Moccasin Creek, No. Fork of Holston

River. On 20 Apr 1784 he received a land patent of 250 acres in Washington Co., VA on both sides of Big Moccasin Creek on a spur of Clinch Mountain on the Holston River some 3 miles from Col. John Tate. In 1781 he and his brother Col. John swore allegiance to the U.S. in Washington Co., VA, as was required after the Revolution War. In Nov. 1781 he, Col. John, Wm. Houston, and John Wood were appointed to appraise the estate of Francis Fugate (deceased) who was killed by a fall from his horse and who lived in the Valley when the Tate families arrived. Robert was an Ensign of the Militia in 1786, while his brother John was Lieut. He died testate, 24 Jul 1796. His will executed 29 Jul 1796 to wife Mary. The still, the land I now live on, except the land on SW side of Mill to the line where it crosses Ovelton’s road, then to be given to my sons Joseph, Alexander, Aaron and my daughter Polly. To my sons John and James land SW of Mill, only they to pay my son Robert Tate, wit: Robert Tate Jr, Isaac Tate and John Tate. At a court held in Russell Co., VA., 3 Feb 1807 and proven by the Oath of John Tate and William Fugate, and on motion of Mary Tate, Richard Davis and Colbert Fugate, security for Mary Tate she posted bond of ($2,500.00) adm. With the will annexed granted her. The wit: to this will were, no doubt, the son of John Tate, Robert, John Tate, William Tate and Colbert Fugate (his son-in-law). The Robert Tate of this sketch is the man who was a contemporary with and associated in many court affairs with Col. John Tate. Robert Tate’s will did not mention that most of his children were minors, but they were. On 10 Oct 1816 John Tate and wife Dicey Hogg-, James Tate and wife Ruth Davidson-, Robert Tate and wife Susannah, Alexander Tate and wife Delilah Henderson-, Aaron Tate and wife Betsey Connelly-, and Merideth (Marady) Price and wife Polly Tate- all of Warren Co., TN of the first part to Joseph Tae of Russell Co., VA the home place. The same land this Robert Tate acquired in 1774 and 1784, adj. Richard Davis, and Hullams, wit. John Rodgers and Reuben Berryman. All of the males signed, and Mary (Polly) Tate signed her right of dower to her son Joseph Tate.

15. Joseph (9-11-1778, Botetourt Co., VA)/Floyd, Margaret (p.3,8, #13)

16. Alexander (1780, Washington Co., VA)/Henderson, Delilah (p.3,8-9, #14)

17. James (Major) (1778, Botetourt Co., VA)/Davidson, Ruth (p.3, 9-10, #15) (4^th G’Grandparents)

18. Robert Hood (1780, Washington Co., VA)/unknown, Susannah (p.3,10, #16)

19. John (1783, Washington Co., VA)/Hogg, Leodicia (Dicey) (p.3,10-#17)

20. Aaron (1788, Washington Co., VA/c1810)/Connelly, Elizabeth (Becky) (p.3, 12-13, #18) (Fletcher’s 3^rd G’Grandparents)

21. Mary (Polly) (1787, Washington Co., VA)/Price Merrideth (Merideth) (p.3, #19-missing)

RUSSELL COUNTY, VIRGINIA

SOME EARLY HOME SITES, (Listed by Leland Burdine Tate, 1978) CLINCH RIVER AND VALLEY

Moccasin Creek (L) e

And Valley d

(2) 1 (EG) a

1 Residence of Col. John Robert Tate Jr., 1772-1828, and later residence of Ezekial Burdine. (Tate-Burdine Plantation)

2 Residence of Robert Hood Tate Sr., 1772-1806/7, and later of Joseph Tate and Elisha Tate. (Tate Plantation)

L Present courthouse town of Lebanon, laid out in 1816.

C Early settlement of Castle’s woods 1769-70’s where William Russell and Daniel Boone, were neighbors, 1775.

D Earlier courthouse site of Dickensonville, given by Henry Dickenson, First Co. Clerk.

EG Early settlement of Elk Garden, 1770’s, and later the home of several prominent persons, including Henry C. Stuart, Gov. of VA.

CAROL JANE TATE-DEGRAFF’S ANCESTORY:

Parents: Tate, Ernest Allen (b. 1-26-1916,DeWar, Ind.Territory, OK)(English, Scot-Irish, Cherokee, & Choctaw) [Tate #1905, p.138]

/#1=Julian, Geneva (b. 7-15-1923, OK/d. 4-6-2003 Stockton, California) bur. Stockton Rural Cemetery (3 children)

II. MATERNAL ANCESTORY: GENEVA JULIAN:

Grandparents: Julian, John C. (b. 1888 Arkansas/d. 1956 Stockton, California)

/Belk, Evalena (b. 1896 AR/d. 1971 Stockton, CA) both bur. Stockton Rural Cemetery (Tate #1905, p. 138)

(11 children, born DeWar, Ind. Territory, Oklahoma)

Geneva, Kay, Evalena, Elaine, Juanita (oldest=had 18 children), Harold, Sonny, Euldean (3 unknown)

III. PATERNAL ANCESTORY: TATE, ERNEST ALLEN (through 18^th Great-Grandparents)

“Tates of the Southern States” Vol. 2 / Menasco Family “Roots & Leaves” / Ross Family / Colston Family / “Saxons & Allied Families”

Grandparents:

Tate, George Washington (b. 10-12-1887 Laager, Grundy Co., TN/9-8-1918, DeWar, OK) [#1893, p. 125]

/Harris, Dola(s) (10-9-1895, Ind.Terr-OK/6-15-1973, Seattle, WA)(1 child) [Menasco Family “Roots & Leaves”]

Great-Grandparents:

1^st Tate, Timothy Tennessee (b. 6-14-1862 Laager, Grundy Co., TN/d. 11-5-1928, Laager, Grundy Co., TN) [#787, p. 124]

/Ross, Nancy Delaware (b, 9-20-1865, Ross Mtn., Marion Co., TN/d. 2-17-1950, Laager, Grundy Co., TN)(10 children) (both bur. Fall

Creek Cem., Grundy Co., TN)(Nancy was part Cherokee, looking if any connection w/Chief John Ross-1827 thru 1933?)

Harris, Hess W. mar.2-3-1875, Polk Co., AR [Menasco Family “Roots & Leaves]

/Menasco, Keziah (12-1875,MS/aft. 1900,OK)(at least 4 children/3 by other marriages)(Choctaw, G-father at least half-blood,

Ezekial Daniel(s)

2^nd Tate, Ladden Farrell (1836/8, DeKalb, AL/Laager, Grundy Co., TN)(11 children) [#261, p. 51]

/Colston (Coulston, Coulson), Lousetta Missiouri (1832,TN?/1929,Laager, Grundy Co., TN)(half Cherokee) [Colston Family]

Ross, John Edward (bt.1830, Ross Home Place, Ross Mtn., Marion Co., TN/bef 1880, same)(12 children) [Ross Family]

/Brown, Nancy (1840,?/bur. Ross Home Place, Ross Mtn., Marion Co., TN)

Harris, (unknown)(at least 1 child) [Menasco Family “Roots & Leaves”]

/(unknown)

Menasco, James Newton Jr. (12-9-1835, Yalobusha Co., MS/8-24-1908, Dow, Pittsburg Co., OK)(7 children) [Menasco

-“Roots & Leaves”]

/#2=White, Elizabeth (Betty)(9-1855,AL/prob. Same as husband) m.1878

3^rd Tate, Davidson (1802,?/1885,?)(8 children) [#88, p. 20]

/Myers, Dorcas (1795,?/1891,?)

Coulson (COLSTON), Alexander (1806,?/?) m. bt.1820 (7 children) [Colston Family]

/Myers, Abigail (1806/11,?/?)

Ross, John R.(1795,VA/TN)(7 children) [Ross Familly]

/Tabor (Taber), Nancy (1796,VA/TN-?)

Brown, (unknown-maybe relative of Chief Brown of Cherokee oldtimers; bef Chief John Ross & other Cherokees from GA got to

Indian Territory OK in the 1830s)

/(Unknown) [Ross Family]

Menasco, James Newton Sr. (10-7-1797, Hawkins Co., TN/8-6-1869, Shubuta, Clarke Co., MSS)(9 children) [“Roots & Leaves”]

/Harty, Jemima (5-31-1794, Greene Co., TN/1-13-1877, Shubuta, Clarke Co., MS) m. 1-30-1815, Giles Co., TN

White, (unknown-maybe AL)(at least 1 child) [Menasco Family “Roots & Leaves”]

Daniel(s), Mary Ann (unknown-maybe Ind. Terr.-OK)

4^th Tate, James (Major) (1783,?/1849,?)(18 children) [#15 p. 9]

/#1=Davidson, Ruth (1784,?/?)(13 children)

Coulson (Colston), David (12-25-1771,VA/bef 1840,?)(3 children) [Colston Family]

/Cox, Sarah (2-26-1778,?/bef 1840,?)

Myers, (unknown)

/Unknown

Menasco, John (Juan)(bt.1778, NC now TN/bt.1847, Marion Co., AL) m.bt.1794, Jefferson Co., TN)(10 children) [“Roots & Leaves”]

/Johnson, Isabella (Dodson-) (bt.1781, TN/1863,Shubuta, Clarke Co., MS)

Daniel(s), Ezekiel (Zeak) (unknown-lived nr. Hartshorne Co., Ind. Terr. @ Choctaw Res., looked, spoke, associated with Full

Bloods) [“Roots & Leaves”]

/unknown

Tabor (Taber), (unknown) (Tates of the So. States, Vol. 2]

/unknown

Harty (Hartje), Jacob (3-31-1765, Westfield, Union Co., NJ) (9-30-1764, Westfield, Morris Co., NJ)/1840, Cape Girardeau Co.,

MO) [“Roots & Leaves”]

/Fleming, Rhoda (1767, Ireland/bt. 1830, Cape Girardeau Co., MO) m. 1785, NJ (8 children)

5^th Tate, Robert H. Jr. (1742,?/1796,?) (Rev. War=Priv. VA unit)(7 children) [#3, p. 2]

/McCline (McClung-?), (Margaret) Mary (Polly) (1745, ?/?)

Davidson, (unknown)

/unknown

Smith, (unknown)

/unknown

Menasco, James (Santiago) (bef. 1748,VA/8-27-1802, New Orleans, LA) m. bt.1778, Scotch Plains, NJ) (3 or 4 children) [“Roots &

Leaves”]

/Dodson, Margaret (bt.1756, VA/bef. 1802, TN)

Harty (Hartje), Dennis (Thevnis) (10-26-1738 [1745], Tappan, Morris Co., NY/[1790]) (7 children)

/Bonnell, Jemima (bt.1744, Scotch Plains, NJ/bef.2-20-1811, Greene Co., TN)

Fleming, Joseph (Ireland/unknown)

/unknown

6^th Tate, John Robert Sr. (1710, ?/1801, ?) Rev. War= Private, VA Unit (7 children) [#1, p. 169]

/Doak, Mary (1710, ?/?)

McCline (McClung), (unknown)

/unknown

Menasco, John (Juan) (1673, ?/1727, ?) (3 children)

/Maxwell (Maxeule), Susanna (1679,?/1730, ?)

Dodson, Rawleigh Sr. (1-18-1730, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/7-28-1793, Pittsylvania, VA)(11 children)

/Elizabeth (bt.1730, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA)

Harty (Hartje), Hans Jacob (10-16-1700, Tappan, NY/1737, Tappan, NY) m. 1737, NY) (at least 1 child)

/#2=Anderies, Margrietje (1700, NY/?)

Bonnell, James (bt.1710, Elizabethtown, NJ/9-27-1788, Scotch Plains, NJ) m. bt.1731,Scotch Plains, NJ (at least 1 child)

/Broadwell, Sarah (bt.1713, Elizabethtown, NJ/3-14-1791, Scotch Plains, NJ)

7^th Tate, John (1670, ?/?) (6 children) [p. 169]

/Beaty, Sarah (1687, ?/?)

Doak, (unknown) [“Tates of the So. States”]

/unknown)

Dodson, George (10-2 [31]-1702, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/bt.1740, N.Farnham, Rich. Co., VA) m.4-3-1726, (same)(11 children)

/Dagord (Dagard), (4-30-1708, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/bt. 1770, Pittsylvania Co., VA)

Harty, Conrad [Hartje, Koenraet Hanse] (11-26-1673, Stuyvesant’s Bowery, Kings Co., NY/ bef.1740, Orange Co., NY) [11-12-1733,

Hackensack, Bergen Co.] m. 12-31-1698, Tappan, NY (6 children)

/Miggielse, Leuntje [1677, Seradtskerke, Zeeland, Netherlands/Tappan, Rockland Co., NY)

Bonnell, Nathaniel II (1669/70, Elizabethtown, NJ/9-14-1736, Elizabethtown, NJ) m. bt.1693, (Eliz. NJ)

/Searing, Mary (bt.1671, Hempstead, Long Island, NY/9-4-1736, Elizabethtown Co., NJ)

Broadwell, Richard (unknown)

/unknown

8^th Beaty, (unknown) [“Tates of the So. States”] [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”]

/unknown

Dodson, Thomas, Sr (5-15-1681, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/11-21-1740,11-21-1740, same) (12 children)

/ Durham, Mary (6-5-1686, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/1-1-1715, same)(hus. #1=Galbroith, Robt. m.9-29-1744, Richmond Co.,VA)

Dagord (Dagard), Henry (bt.1680, Scotland/unknown)

/unknown

Harty, Hans Jacob [Hans Jacobsen Hartje] (bt.1640, Berne, Switzerland/1685, Stuyvesant’s Bowery, Kings Co., NJ)(7 children)

/Mol, Geertje Lambertse [Lamberts, Geertje] (1643, NY, NY)(hus. #1=Odewater, Thys Franzen m. 1-5-1686)

Miggielse, Michael Lynsen (Zeeland, Netherlands/

/(Vreeland ?), Elizabeth (Zeeland, Netherlands/unknown)

Bonnell, Nathaniel I (1644/6, New Haven, CT/aft 1696, Elizabethtown, NJ)m.1-3-1664, Hew Haven, CT. (at least l child)

/Whitehead, Susanna (8-5-1650, New Haven, CT/2-12-1734/5, Elizabethtown, NJ)

Searing, John (bt.1638,?/bt.1715,?) m. bt.1670, NY

/Pearsall, Ann (unknown)

9^th Dodson, Charles Sr. (bt.1649, Old Rappahannock Co., VA/2-6-1704/5, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA) m. VA, (15 children) [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /Dodson, Anne (c.1654, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/8-1-1715, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA)(1^st hus.=Hill, John Jr. m.bef.7-3-1706,VA)

Durham, Thomas Sr (3-6-16660/1, N. Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/5-30-1715, same) m. bt. 1685, same (5 children)

/Smoot, Dorothy (1663, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/1714, same)(#1 hus.=Greenham, Jeremiah)

Mol, Lambert Hubertsen (b. Netherlands/unknown)

/Pieters, Trintje (b. Netherlands/unknown)

Bonnell (Bunnell), William (bt. 1612, Chesire, England/10-7-1669, England or N.Haven, CT)m.1635, NH, CT (at least 1 child)

/Wilmot, Ann (b. 1614, England/11-1653, New Haven, CT)

Whitehead, Isaac Capt. (1624, England/1-31-1690/9,Elizabethtown, NJ)m.bef 1650 (at least 1 child)

/Brown, Mary Higgins- (unknown)

Searing, Simon (unknown)

/unknown)

10^th Dodson, Jesse (bt.1623, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/VA) m. VA (2 children) {Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /Hagger, Judith (bt. 1624, Wakefield, Yorkshire, England/VA)(1^st hus.=Dodson, Thomas, m.5-7-1645, Wakefield, Eng.)

Dodson, Benjamin (bt.1620, England/aft 1664, VA) (at least 1 child)

/Simms (bt. 1624, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/unknown)

Durham, Henry Thomas (bt. 1630, Port Royal, Carine, Bermuda/aft. 1690, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA) (at least 2 children)

/Hunt, Judith (1643, Port Royal, Carine, Bermuda/?, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA)

Smoot, William (1647, N.Farnham, VA/7-2-1716, Durham Parish, Old Rappahannock, Essex Co., VA?)(1^st wife=Austin, Eleanor m.

bt.1690,

/Westmoreland, Va/#2=Jane (bt. 1638, N.Farnham, Richmond Co., VA/10-4-1726,same)/#3=Anne (div. Charles Co., Maryland)

(5 children)

Wilmot, Benjamin (bt.1598, England/8-18-1669, New Haven, CT)

/Ladd, Ann (bt. 1593, England/1-6-1668, New Haven, CT)

Brown, (unknown)

/unknown

Higgins, (unknown)

/unknown

11^th Dodson, John (bt. 1580 [1551], England/VA) m. bt.1602, England (at least 2 children)

[Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /unknown (b. bt. 1583, England)

Hagger, John (bt. 1591, Wakefield, Yorkshire, England/unknown) m. 11-1-1616, same (at least 1 child)

/ Walker, Alice (b. 1595, England/?,England)

Durham, Thomas (1604, Pittington, Durham, England/12-28-1653, Port Royal, Carine, Bermuda)(at least 1 child)

/unknown, m.1627, Port Royal, Carine, Bermuda

Ladd, unknown

/(unknown)

Hunt, Richard (Governor)(10-9-1608, Mereworth, Kent, England/aft 1686) m.3-28-1643, St. Margarets,( Lee) Kent, England

/Grimsditch, Frances [6-16-1621, Cripplegate, London, England] (3 children)

Smoot (Smute), William (1596/6, Charles Co., Maryland/1668, St. Marys Co., MD) m.1633, Charles Co., VA (10 children)

/Wood, Grace Mrs. (1612, Charles Co., MD/1-14-1666, St. Marys Co., MD)

12^th Walker, (unknown) [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”]

/unknown

Grimsditch, Thomas (bef 1600, St. Giles Crplega, London, England/?) m.bt. 1620, same (2 children)

/Rich, Jane (1600, St. Giles Crplega, London, England/?)

Dodson, (unknown)

/unknown

Hagger, (unknown)

/unknown)

Durham, William (1578, Pittington, Durham, England/?) m.11-21-1603,same (at least 1 child)

/Johnson, Margaret Dodson- (1582, Pittington, Durham, England/?)

Hunt (unknown)

/unknown)

Smoot (unknown)

/unknown)

13^th Rich, Richard (1577, England) m. 12-13-1574, St. MaryAldermar, London, Middlesex, England (5 children)

[Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /Machell, Jane (Ann) (bt.1550, St. Mary Aldermar, London, England)

14^th Rich, Richard Sr. [Baron Rich] (1496, St.Lawrence Jewry, London, Middlesex, England/6-12-1567, Rochford, Essex, England)m.bef 5/1536 [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”]

/Jenkes, Elizabeth (1510, London, Middlesex, England/12-16-1558, St. Bartholomew, London, Middlesex, England) (10 children)

Machell, John (1555, St. Mary, Aldermanbury, London, England/?) (at least 1 child)

/unknown

15^th Rich, Richard (bt.1470,London, London, England/?) (2 children) [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”]

/Dingley, Joan (bt. 1472, London, London, England)

Jenkes (Gynkes), William (bt.1480, London, Middlesex, England/?) (grocer of London) (at least 1 child)

/unknown

Machell, unknown

/unknown

16^th Rich, Thomas (bt. 1432, London, London, England) m. bt. 1464 (at least 1 child) [Menasco “Roots & Leaves”]

/#1=Margaret

/#2=Mayne (Main), Elizabeth (bt.1440, London, London, England)

Dingley, unknown

/unknown

Jenkes (Gynkes), unknwon

/unknown

17^th Rich, Richard (Sheriff of London) (bt.1400, London, Middlesex, England/1464, bur. St. Lawrence Jewry, London, Middlesex, England)

[Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /Catherine (bt. 1407, London, Middlesex, England) (5 children)

18^th Rich, Richard (bt. 1370, London, Middlesex, England/bur. 1415, St. Lawrence Jewry, London, Middlesex, England)(at least 1 child)

[Menasco “Roots & Leaves”] /unknown (bt. 1374, London, Middlesex, England)

William Tate – St. Dionis Backchurch Marriage Records, 1635

Following is a list of some marriages in America prior to 1800

II. MATERNAL ANCESTORY: GENEVA JULIAN:

III. PATERNAL ANCESTORY: TATE, ERNEST ALLEN (through 18th Great-Grandparents)

III. PATERNAL ANCESTORY: TATE, ERNEST ALLEN (through 18^th Great-Grandparents)