Re: Arrival in Pennsylvania
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In reply to:
Arrival in Pennsylvania
Peter Burke 3/16/07
Peter,
The following should answer some of your questions,
Ancestors of Richard Gartrell
Generation No. 1
1.Richard Gartrell, born 1840 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died September 30, 1918 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia.He was the son of 2. James Gartrell and 3. Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell.He married (1) Mary (Donnell) Gartrell November 13, 1865 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England.She was born 1845 in Marazion, Cornwall, England, and died April 16, 1909 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia.She was the daughter of Henry Donald and Catherine Prideaux.
Notes for Richard Gartrell:
Richard ran a dairy farm on the outskirts of Orange, Australia after he made some money in gold mining.
More About Richard Gartrell:
Christening: October 16, 1840, Saint Erth, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Miner/Farmer
More About Mary (Donnell) Gartrell:
Christening: February 28, 1845, Marazion, Cornwall, England
Generation No. 2
2.James Gartrell, born July 05, 1816 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died August 10, 1891 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia.He was the son of 4. Richard Gartrell and 5. Catherine Cortis (Eva) Gartrell.He married 3. Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell May 16, 1840 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England.
3.Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell, born 1820 in Wales; died June 21, 1907 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia.She was the daughter of 6. Nicholas Davies and 7. Jenipher Davies.
Notes for James Gartrell:
James and Mary Ann Davies' oldest son Richard left Cornwall for the United States where he got mining work in Pennsylvania. Richard then sent for his brother James who was the next oldest. Together they earned enough money to bring the family to the USA, which included their mother, father, their other brothers and sisters and James' wife Mary Jane Seal with James and Mary Jane's only child at the time Jimmie.
Thus, James, Sr. and his family left Cornwall, England in 1868 and migrated also to the coal mines of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, where pay for mining at the time was the best in the world. After reaching Pennsylvania a mining strike of six months occurred. The working conditions required the miners to join Lodges (or unions as they were latter called). The mine owners hired Mollys (or thugs in todays vocabulary) to discourage the Lodges. A number of individuals were even hung. Conditions went from bad to worse, when James Gartrell (the second oldest son) got word of hiring in Australia for mining gold.
Needless to say the Gartrell family then decided to travel as a group to Australia where the working conditions were more favorable. The family now consisting of James and Mary Ann Gartrell, nine children, four daughter-in laws, one son-in-law and thirteen grandchildren (total 29), sailed from New York, USA on the "Annie H. Smith" (a barque of 1504 tons) on Saturday, April 14, 1877. When they came to Bass Strait, the captain thought his ship was too large to go through the Strait, so they sailed around the south of Tasmania. They arrived in Sydney Harbor on Tuesday, June 12, 1877 and had to spend six weeks at North Head Quarantine Station. They finally landed in Sydney on Saturday, July 21, 1877. They went by train to Orange.
NOTICE IN SYDNEY MORNING HERALD ON FRIDAY, JULY 13, 1877.
Shipping: - Arrivals, June 12th - "Annie H. Smith" - Barque 1500 tons.
Captain Bartlett - From New York - 14th April with 350 Emigrants.
R. Towns & Co. Agents
SHIPPING LIST - PASSENGERS' NAMES - IN SYDNEY MITCHELL LIBRARY READS: -
James Gartrell and Mrs. James Gartrell - Paid Full Fare.
36 Richard Gartrell35 James Gartrell
33 Mrs. Richard Gartrell36 Mrs. James Gartrell
13 Richard Gartrell11 James H. Gartrell
9 Ellen Gartrell8 Richard Gartrell
6 William J. Gartrell5 Thomas Gartrell
4 Edwin Gartrell3 Absalom Gartrell
1 Annie Gartrell1 Samuel John Gartrell
27 William H. Gartrell28 Glanville D. Stone
21 Mrs. William H. Gartrell22 Mrs. Glanville D. Stone
1 Lillie Gartrell3 Lucretin Gartrell
1 May Gartrell
24 Edwin Gartrell20 Mary Ann Gartrell
23 Mrs. Edwin Gartrell18 Frank Gartrell
15 Absalom Gartrell
13 Alfred Gartrell
More About James Gartrell:
Fact 1: Went to the USA in 1868
Occupation: Miner
Notes for Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell:
Mary Ann was of Welsh descent. She and her husband James left Cornwall, England for the United States in 1868. They are both buried in Orange, Australia, about 170 miles west of Sidney, Australia, where they settled immediately on their arrival from New York in 1877.
Children of James Gartrell and Mary Gartrell are:
1 i. Richard Gartrell, born 1840 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died September 30, 1918 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; married Mary (Donnell) Gartrell November 13, 1865 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England.
ii. James Gartrell, born May 28, 1842 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died January 01, 1928 in Marrickville, New South Wales, Australia; married Mary Jane (Searle) Gartrell October 19, 1865 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; born November 27, 1840 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died October 04, 1932 in Marrickville, New South Wales, Australia.
More About James Gartrell:
Christening: January 15, 1843, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Miner/Farmer
iii. Elizabeth [Betsy] (Gartrell) Donnell, born February 25, 1844 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died May 13, 1866 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; married John Donnell December 10, 1862 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1842.
Notes for Elizabeth [Betsy] (Gartrell) Donnell:
In the Village Church at Saint Perranuthnoe, which is close to Penzance, Cornwall, near the main church entrance is the engraved headstone of Betsy whichreads:
" Sacred to the Memory of Betsy, Daughter of James and Mary Ann Gartrell, who departed this life May 13th, 1866 aged 23 years.
Weep Not! The land to which I go
Is beautiful and bright
There shall no tears of sorrow flow
And there shall be no night
Rejoice! We yet shall meet again
Where none may say “Farewell”
And in one home of deathless love
Together we shall dwell."
Recorded by Alison Farleigh, in a trip to England in 1970, in a photograph of Betsy’s grave headstone.
More About Elizabeth [Betsy] (Gartrell) Donnell:
Burial: May 1866, Saint Perranuthnoe Parish Church, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England
Christening: March 10, 1844, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
iv. John [Johnny] Gartrell, born October 07, 1845 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died 1867 in Pennsylvania USA; married Hannah (Slackhouse) Gartrell Abt. 1867 in Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1846 in Cornwall, England; died in USA.
Notes for John [Johnny] Gartrell:
John was killed in Pennsylvania USA, he fell down a mine while walking home. His wife stayed in the USA. They had no children.
More About John [Johnny] Gartrell:
Christening: January 11, 1846, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
More About Hannah (Slackhouse) Gartrell:
Christening: 1867, Cornwall, England
v. Mary Anne Gartrell, born June 25, 1848 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died February 25, 1853 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Mary Anne Gartrell:
Died at the age of 6 years in Cornwall, England.
More About Mary Anne Gartrell:
Religion: Methodist
vi. William Henry Gartrell, born January 31, 1850 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died April 04, 1916 in Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia; married Emma (Fowler) Gartrell Abt. 1875 in Pennsylvania USA; born March 11, 1853 in Pennsylvania USA; died June 05, 1919 in Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia.
Notes for William Henry Gartrell:
William Henry Gartrell had a bakery in the main street of Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. He then moved to Sydney and bought another bakery at 775 Pacific Highway, Chatswood, Australia, which went to his son George Wilson Gartrell; The bakery was owned by the Gartrell's from 1905 until it was sold in 1943 to a Mr. Taylor.
More About William Henry Gartrell:
Burial: April 1916, Waverley Cemetery, New South Wales, Australia
Christening: February 25, 1853, Saint Erth, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Miner
More About Emma (Fowler) Gartrell:
Burial: June 1919, Waverley Cemetery, New South Wales, Australia
vii. Edwin [Edward] Gartrell, born January 01, 1853 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died July 23, 1919 in Petersham, New South Wales, Australia; married Jane (Fairless) Gartrell Abt. 1876 in Pennsylvania USA; born 1854 in England.; died April 30, 1935 in Marrickville, New South Wales, Australia.
More About Edwin [Edward] Gartrell:
Burial: July 1919, Waverley Cemetery, Waverley, New South Wales, Australia
Christening: February 25, 1853, Saint Erth, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Miner
viii. Catherine [Kate] (Gartrell) Stone, born September 15, 1854 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died Abt. 1925 in New Zealand; married Glanville D. I. Stone Abt. 1873 in U.S.A; born 1848 in Bridgend, Saint Winnow, Cornwall.
More About Catherine [Kate] (Gartrell) Stone:
Christening: November 05, 1854, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
More About Glanville D. I. Stone:
Occupation: Miner
ix. Mary Ann (Gartrell) Arey, born May 12, 1857 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England; died March 08, 1936 in Stanmore, New South Wales, Australia; married Robert [Bob] Ellwood Arey April 27, 1878 in Wesleyan Parsonage, Orange, New South Wales, Australia; born September 08, 1849 in Jeansville, Pennsylvania USA; died February 27, 1921 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
More About Mary Ann (Gartrell) Arey:
Christening: November 01, 1857, Saint Erth, Cornwall, England
x. Francis [Frank] Gartrell, born 1859 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; died April 19, 1949 in Mosman, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; married Minnie A. (Hazelton) Gartrell 1886 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; born Abt. 1860 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; died January 20, 1952 in Waverton, New South Wales, Australia.
Notes for Francis [Frank] Gartrell:
The following is an extract from the Australasian Baker and Millers' Journal dated May 1949:
ROMANCE OF A CORNISH PIT-BOY
The Life of the Late Frank Gartrell
The late Frank Gartrell, of Sydney, was one of those rare mortals born to lead in his chosen sphere of effort, yet quite frankly unconscious of any desire or capacity to do so. He simply went about his everyday tasks, whatever they were, with happy assiduousness and thoroughness--and the leadership came unbidden.
He was nearly 90 years on this earth and did not seem to have one enemy--or one who had other than the kindest thoughts for him. And though he lived a full life, being anything but a "wowser," he retained his physical and mental faculties to a surprising degree right up to the last. He was, indeed, bustling about town like a young man, a few days before his death.
His father was a Cornish miner, James Gartrell, and as a matter of course he became a pit-boy, like his four elder brothers. Father had the stirrings of the pioneer spirit, and the family migrated to the USA when he was a lad. They did not appear to be happy about that country and came on to Australia by the sailing ship "Annie Smith" in 1877.
These Cornish youths were independent and enterprising by nature. Though Frank was only 17 when he arrived here, he set out on a venture in an unknown land that must have taken tremendous courage. He wanted to go to the country, so to the country he went. Money being a commodity with which the family had little acquaintance, there being no hitch-hiking in those days, he "humped his bluey" over the Blue Mountains, starting with only half a crown in his pocket, to Orange. There was plenty of work of the exceedingly hard-labor type on railway construction in that district then, and he was soon wielding the pick and shovel. But that innate leadership would come out. In a few months he was ganger, though still in his teens.
For no particular reason that can now be discovered, he decided that he wanted to be a baker, and promptly got himself employed by Mr. Rod. Plowman, local baker and general storekeeper. Here he learned the trade, and no sooner did he feel competent to branch out on his own than he did so. He persuaded his brother Edwin that there was a future in the business, and they started in a partnership as "master bakers." Part of a piano case (sturdy English-made piano cases of dressed cedar and similar fine timbers were almost legal tender in NSW in those days) was their first trough. They had none of the present-day delivery troubles, because they did all their own with hand-baskets. Subsequently they attained the grandeur of a cart and horse, hired for 7/6 a week.
It is a remarkable coincidence that his old friend Mr. Mick Moran, now living in quite active retirement at Randwick, and about the same age, started his career in Australia in almost the same way, at Orange, though he did not become a baker until he returned to Sydney. There is no record of their having met in their youth at Orange.
In 1899, Frank Gartrell sold his share in the Orange business to his brother Edwin and it was carried on with success by that branch of the family for many years. Frank himself went to Sydney and opened a little bakery opposite the gates on Victoria Barracks. He did not "set the Thames on fire," but managed well enough to get a bigger and better place a little further up the road.
REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT
Here he progressed steadily. The business grew and grew, and he took in, one after another, the well-established bakery business of Dingle's, at the top of William Street, Shadler's in Hunter Street, city, with a branch at North Sydney, and Langer's in Oxford Street (the source, incidentally, of Sydney's first reticulated electricity supply--a good deal more reliable then than now!)
The business was now a really big ore, so he built a large bakery at Maddison Street to handle it. The story of success, never sensational but steadily upwards, continued here. When, in 1917, the amalgamation with William White's and Abel's businesses took place, giving rise to the present-day company Gartrell White, Ltd., Frank Gartrell brought into it 60 tons at Maddison Street, 20 tons at North Sydney and eight pastry shops in the city. His, indeed, was the biggest individual bakery business in the southern hemisphere at the time--a remarkable achievement in 17 or 18 years.
Frank Gartrell was always a sound Association man--and it was as inevitable that he should come to the top in these activities as it was in his business and his great hobby, Bowls. He was president of the Master Bakers' Association of NSW from 1905 to 1908, and the trade presented him with a gold watch when he stood down. He continued his active interest in Association work until his retirement from the directorate and a branch managership of Gartrell White, Ltd., in 1917--through he preferred to let his fellow director, the late William White, take office in the Association.
He could never divorce himself from the trade he loved, even after his retirement. Whenever he came within sight or smell of a bakery, in his numerous rovings around the countryside in later years, he had to call on the baker--and the talk was always of "shop." He wasn't beyond taking off his coat and getting to work on the boards to demonstrate a point in his never-ending Hymm to the Glory of Bread.
In the sphere of bowls, his name is international. He was the last surviving member of the first Australian test-team of bowlers to visit Britain, and his trophies and titles won in Australia were legion. A life member of the Chatswood Bowling Club, he was its president for 16 years.
He leaves a widow, two sons (Gordon and Ray, who carry on the Frank Gartrell tradition in the baking trade in their model factory at Artarmon) and one daughter, Mrs. O.J. Moore. Their consolation in their loss is that he left them a name of which they are justified in being aggressively proud in any sphere of life, and a name that will always be honored, perhaps revered, in the Australian baking industry.
More About Francis [Frank] Gartrell:
Christening: October 07, 1860, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England
Religion: Methodist
xi. Absalom Gartrell, born January 10, 1861 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; died March 26, 1928 in Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; married Grace (Randall) Gartrell 1888 in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia; born August 04, 1869 in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia; died April 12, 1947 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
More About Absalom Gartrell:
Christening: April 30, 1865, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England
Religion: Methodist
xii. Alfred [Fred] Gartrell, born April 09, 1864 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; died June 16, 1939 in Ryde, New South Wales, Australia; married Alison (Brown) Gartrell August 27, 1890 in March, New South Wales, Australia; born April 07, 1870 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; died September 23, 1927 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia.
Notes for Alfred [Fred] Gartrell:
THE ALFRED & ALISON GARTRELL FAMILY - by Evelyn Gartrell and supplemented by Alison Farleigh
After their arrival in Sydney Harbor, Australia in 1877, James and his wife Mary Ann rented a few acres of land on the Molong Road, near Orange and lived there until 1890. Their youngest son Alfred, then took over the rented farm and James and Mary Ann went to live in the township of Orange. Alfred Gartrell bought 75 acres of land on March Road on May 17, 1894 and built a home "Avondale" on the land in 1897. Alfred, his wife Alison and their three children (Elsie, Harold & Vera) moved into "Avondale" on March 6, 1897. Maude was born there on March 7, 1897. On May 29, 1906, Alfred bought 670 acres. "Avondale" was sold to William Brown (413 acres) on February 1, 1909. "Maroomba" was built in April or May 1909. Evelyn was born there in 1910.
by Evelyn Gartrell
After the death of his wife Alison in 1927, Alfred Gartrell sold "Maroomba" which was a cattle farming property and orchard near Orange, a country farming town in the central west of New South Wales, Australia. The house was heritage listed in 1979 by the National Trust of Australia.
Alfred then built a house also called "Maroomba," at number 8 Chelmsfond Avenue, Epping, Sydney, Australia and lived there with his daughters Maude and Evelyn until his death in 1937. He often had Gartrell relatives visiting him. I well remember Great Uncle Frank and his wife, Aunt Minnie who came nearly every Sunday, in their Humber car, with a chauffeur. Great Uncle Frank was the co-owner of Gartrell-White Ltd., for many years the leading bakery in Sydney. Pretty little Great Aunt Mary Anne also often came to stay there.
After Grandpa Gartrell’s death, so as to live near to their sister Elsie, Aunts Maude and Evelyn sold "Maroomba," Epping, and moved to their new small house number 37 Saint John’s Avenue, Gordon, Australia where I now live. Auntie Maude died in 1962 and Auntie Ev continued to live here almost until her death in 1986.
My mother and father, Elsie (nee Gartrell) and "Ted" Farleigh, from 1932, lived at Number 3 Matong Street, Gordon, Australia. Dad became a successful engineer and from 1953 we lived at 44-46 McIntosh Street, Gordon, Australia. When Dad died in 1966, Mum, Alison, Elaine and Rainsford continued to live there until Mum died in 1977. We sold 44-46 McIntosh Street in 1978, and now live independently, at the addresses shown.
by Alison Farleigh
April 1997
More About Alfred [Fred] Gartrell:
Christening: April 30, 1865, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England
Religion: Methodist
Generation No. 3
4.Richard Gartrell, born April 03, 1774 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; died August 30, 1852 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 8. William [James] Gartrell and 9. Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell.He married 5. Catherine Cortis (Eva) Gartrell February 16, 1794 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
5.Catherine Cortis (Eva) Gartrell, born 1775; died July 24, 1848 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Richard Gartrell:
THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXTRACT FROM CLAN RICHARDS, COTTS FARM, HENWOOD, LISKEARD, CORNWALL, PL 14 5BH, UNITED KINGDOM, DATED 1999 ABOUT CORNWALL:
"What do they know of Cornwall, who only Cornwall know?"
Few will deny the contribution made by Cornwall to the industrial development of Britain and the rest of the world during the 18th and 19th centuries. Cornwall was at the forefront in the application of the new technology of steam power. Cornish mines had the problem of raising water and ore from the ever increasing depths, while the genius of such men as Savery, Newcomen and Watt provided the solution to replace much of the hard labour done by adults, children and animals. But, like many of the great cconflicts of history, we are made aware of the Generals, the battlefields and weapons, but know little of the foot soldiers who gave all in the service of country (and employer), and so it is, with regard to those anonymous thousands labouring in the winning and refining of the ore. In 1838, for example approximately 30,000 men, women and children were directly employed in the mining industry in Cornwall, with many thousands in support industries. Yet despite their vast numbers the majority were doomed to anonymity. At first sight, it appears that other than census returns and parish registers very few records exist that may help us to identify these nameless thousands. However, through conventional research and the badgering of fellow researchers it has transpired that a surprising number of archives survive, in both public and private collections. By attempting to collate all references to Cornish miners and their families that I come across, it is possible to develop a clearer picture of their lives from the cradle to the grave, and it is with this objective that a computer database named THE CORNISH MINING INDEX has been set up. The fact that such a great migration did occur is well documented, but what were the factors that instigated it? With the foundation the Australian colonies in the 1830s and the opening up of the American continent, a well orchestrated campaign of recruitment was initiated in the county. Agents were appointed initially by both the colonies and the mining companies to recruit suitable employees from the Cornish mines. Meetings and lectures were held at the principle towns proclaiming the virtues and prospects of the new ventures, and the flow of emigrants started and when combined with the failure of the potato crop in 1840 and the hardship this incurred the flow became a veritable torrent. Meanwhile, other factors were at play, and to see these it is necessary to look at the employment trends in the county at that time. A rather simplistic view of the development of large scale mining in Cornwall during the early nineteenth century indicates that there was a definite west to east movement. Census returns show us that as each new area developed, a predominately young male workforce moved into lodgings in the locality. Once these mines proved themselves and offered some sense of security, the wives and families followed. Meanwhile, the unattached young men naturally married into the local stock. As each area peaked and subsequently declined the redundant workforce moved to the developing mines to the east leaving their families behind, with the cycle repeating itself many times over. Meanwhile, there were on occasions other factors influencing events. For example, upon studying the 1841 and 1851 census returns for the parishes of Breage and Germoe in the west of the county, a 27% reduction in the population is noted. However, this was not due to the working out of the lode, rather that Wheal Vor, the largest mine in the area with a total workforce of well over 1000, closed due to legal disputes between the years 1847-53. If we then look further afield to the developing mining districts to the east, a substantially higher proportion than normal of theimmigrant labour can be seen to have originated from these hard suffering parishes. Unfortunately, with the crash of the price of copper in 1866, little opportunity existed for alternative employment in the county, and many Cornishmen were forced to find work elsewhere. The concept of seeking employment overseas was nothing new to many Cornish families with most having some relatives far from home. Nevertheless, there were opportunities in the other mining areas of Britain, such as the Mendip lead mines (worked since Roman times), the South Wales and Northern coal fields and the tin and copper deposits in Ireland, the Isle of Man and Anglesey. A major employer during the late 1860s was emerging in the form of the northern collieries, who were experiencing a period of industrial unrest, with their workforce becoming more militant in the strife for better pay and improved working conditions. After numerous disputes the employers became less "tolerant", and in many instances their solution was to sack all those on strike and replace them with unemployed Cornishmen. Due to the nature of remuneration in the Cornish mines, namely the tributing system, where each tributer was in effect self employed, the trade union movement never succeeded in establishing itself in the Cornish mines. On the few occasions when more enlightened individuals attempted to introduce the concept of unionism to the workforce, the various mine owners in that particular vicinity quickly united and crushed it in its infancy, with the ring leaders being barred from employment in any mines in the county. A prime example of the mass movement of Cornish miners to the North of England is that of the Cramlington collieries in Northumberland, where on the 5th December, 1865, 300 men together with their families arrived by train, to be followed on 27th December by 128 men, 111 women and 248 children. It appears that it was only when the striking workforce were evicted from their homes to make way for the Cornish that the exact circumstances of their employment became apparent. An extract from "The West Briton" dated 20th September 1865 sums up the situation well. "Employment is more difficult to obtain, emigration is going on upon a scale hitherto unprecedented, and many of the small undertakings are being wound up and the large ones becoming unprofitable. Trade is falling of by degrees, and credit is considerably dearer, while the small trader is suffering from heavy bad debts suddenly made through customers emigrating. Respecting the mining interests, there is but little of an encouraging character, and until a reaction sets in, things must go from bad to worse".
It is interesting to note that securing employment was not the only problem facing the Cornish families, for the collapse of the copper price roughly coincided with a dramatic increase in the price of some basic commodities. For example, the monthly salary for a hard working miner in the St Just area in 1865 was about L3-3-0, but by 1867 this had fallen to L2-10-0. During the same period the price for a sack of flour had risen from L1-10-0 to L2-10-0. The consequence of all these factors can be seen in the predictable increase in the number of paupers receiving indoor relief at the workhouse. Having made what must have been a traumatic decision to uproot and seek a fortune elsewhere, the actual journey itself was not without its problems. Many ships were totally inadequate for the type of voyage ahead, and this must have been something of a shock to those committed to the journey. Despite the obvious possibility of shipwreck, sickness was a constant companion, and data published for the Port of Quebec (commonly known as "The Blue Papers") gives us some idea of the likelihood of ortality on such a voyage. Port of embarkation Percentage mortality rate during voyage English Ports - Excluding Liverpool 1.0%
Scottish 3.12% Irish - Including Liverpool (en route) 10.49% Liverpool 15.9% Cork - Ireland 18.73% Padstow (CORNWALL) 0.22%
From these statistics many questions might be asked, but the most obvious is, Why was there such a staggering difference in mortality rates between the ports of Cork and Padstow? One possible answer might be a combination of the seaworthiness of the Cornish fleet, the state of health of the Cornish migrant and the fact that the Cornish, being a maritime culture, were more prepared for the journey ahead.) However, this begs further research at a later date.) There must be many readers with details and stories of their mining ancestors suitable for submission, and as all printouts detail the data source, there exist the possibility of linking with other lines. If you have a story to tell on behalf of your ancestors please contact me, so that I may add your details to the 13,000 already on database.
Notes for Catherine Cortis (Eva) Gartrell:
Catherine was of Spanish descent.
Children of Richard Gartrell and Catherine Gartrell are:
i. Elizabeth [Betsy] (Gartrell) Johns, born 1800 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married George Johns May 09, 1829 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Elizabeth [Betsy] (Gartrell) Johns:
Christening: January 19, 1800, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
ii. Richard Gartrell, born Abt. 1805 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married Anne (Bray) Gartrell January 31, 1830 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1805 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
iii. Jennifer Gartrell, born 1810 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Jennifer Gartrell:
Christening: September 26, 1810, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
iv. Jane Jennifer [Jane] (Gartrell) Johns, born January 13, 1811 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England (twin); died May 15, 1884 in Emu Swamp, Orange, New South Wales, Australia; married William [Captain] Johns March 11, 1833 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; born April 02, 1809 in Crowan, Cornwall, England; died April 24, 1868 in Emu Swamp, Orange, New South Wales, Australia.
Notes for Jane Jennifer [Jane] (Gartrell) Johns:
When James and his family came to Australia in 1877, the passenger list included a note against Francis' name to the effect that "Aunt Jane Johns was already in the Colony at Emma Swamp, Orange" ( also known as "EMU" Swamp). Aunt Jane (Jennifer) was James' eldest sister who married William Johns in Cornwall and had arrived in Australia on the "Lady McDonald," which reached Moreton Bay on October 17, 1856, and Sydney on November 20th the same year. It appears, therefore, that Jennifer was the first of this "Gartrell" family to come to Australia, having left Cornwall some 12 years before James and Mary Ann left America and 21 years before they came to New South Wales.
More About Jane Jennifer [Jane] (Gartrell) Johns:
Burial: May 16, 1884, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
More About William [Captain] Johns:
Burial: April 26, 1868, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
Christening: May 11, 1809, Crowan, Cornwall, England
v. Mary (Gartrell) King, born January 13, 1811 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England (twin); married Henry King March 10, 1828 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
vi. Rosina [Rose] (Gartrell) Eva, born 1815 in Lands End, Cornwall, England; died 1858; married William Eva 1843; born 1815 in Plymouth, England.
More About Rosina [Rose] (Gartrell) Eva:
Christening: February 19, 1815, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
More About William Eva:
Christening: 1815, Plymouth, England
2 vii. James Gartrell, born July 05, 1816 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died August 10, 1891 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; married Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell May 16, 1840 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England.
viii. Anne [Annie] Broad (Gartrell) Harvey, born 1821 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married W. Harvey.
More About Anne [Annie] Broad (Gartrell) Harvey:
Christening: April 29, 1821, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
6.Nicholas DaviesHe married 7. Jenipher Davies.
7.Jenipher Davies
Child of Nicholas Davies and Jenipher Davies is:
3 i. Mary Anne (Davies) Gartrell, born 1820 in Wales; died June 21, 1907 in Orange, New South Wales, Australia; married James Gartrell May 16, 1840 in Saint Erth, Cornwall, England.
Generation No. 4
8.William [James] Gartrell, born January 13, 1738/39 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died July 05, 1804 in Trevarthen Farm, Saint Hilary, Cornwall.He was the son of 16. Benjamin Gartrell and 17. Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell.He married 9. Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell January 12, 1765 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
9.Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell, born 1743 in Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England; died September 03, 1791 in Trevarthen Farm, Saint Hilary, Cornwall.She was the daughter of 18. James Oats and 19. Margaret Nicholas.
Notes for William [James] Gartrell:
William's (who was know as James) parents arrived in Saint Hilary, Cornwall to farm Trevarton around 1780. James leased the farm Trevarton up to the date of his death in 1804.
More About William [James] Gartrell:
Christening: May 02, 1742, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
More About Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell:
Christening: April 13, 1743, Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England
Children of William Gartrell and Elizabeth Gartrell are:
i. William X. Gartrell, born 1766 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Elizabeth (Jacka) Gartrell June 16, 1798 in Saint Leven, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1766.
More About William X. Gartrell:
Christening: May 04, 1766, Sennen, Cornwall, England
ii. Margaret (Gartrell) West, born 1769 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married William West March 20, 1789 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Margaret (Gartrell) West:
Christening: December 04, 1769, Sennen, Cornwall, England
iii. Benjamin Gartrell, born 1772 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Anne (Tregloan) Gartrell June 12, 1803 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; born 1773 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Benjamin Gartrell:
Christening: June 29, 1772, Sennen, Cornwall, England
More About Anne (Tregloan) Gartrell:
Christening: April 04, 1773, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
4 iv. Richard Gartrell, born April 03, 1774 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; died August 30, 1852 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married Catherine Cortis (Eva) Gartrell February 16, 1794 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
v. James Gartrell, born 1776 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
More About James Gartrell:
Christening: January 01, 1776, Sennen, Cornwall, England
vi. Anne (Gartrell) Peters, born 1777 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Samuel Peters July 22, 1804 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Anne (Gartrell) Peters:
Christening: November 03, 1777, Sennen, Cornwall, England
vii. John Gartrell, born 1779 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
More About John Gartrell:
Christening: November 28, 1779, Sennen, Cornwall, England
viii. Barnard Gartrell, born 1782 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died Abt. 1845 in Cornwall, England; married Jane (Pappin) Gartrell November 17, 1804 in Saint Austell, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1782; died Bef. 1841.
More About Barnard Gartrell:
Christening: January 14, 1782, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Carpenter
ix. Mary (Gartrell) Carne, born 1784 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married John Carne December 21, 1815 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; born 1789.
More About Mary (Gartrell) Carne:
Christening: January 12, 1784, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
x. Francis Gartrell, born 1785 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England.
More About Francis Gartrell:
Christening: October 02, 1785, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
xi. Henry Gartrell, born January 11, 1789 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; died 1851; married Christian [Kitty] (Freethy) Gartrell July 16, 1810 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England; born 1786 in Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England.
More About Henry Gartrell:
Christening: January 11, 1789, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Miner
More About Christian [Kitty] (Freethy) Gartrell:
Christening: 1786, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, England
xii. Elizabeth (Gartrell) Carne, born Abt. 1791 in Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England; married John Carne.
More About Elizabeth (Gartrell) Carne:
Christening: 1800, Saint Hilary, Cornwall, England
Generation No. 5
16.Benjamin Gartrell, born 1699 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died June 22, 1775 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 32. John Gartrell and 33. Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow.He married 17. Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell December 14, 1727 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
17.Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell, born 1703 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died May 22, 1785 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.She was the daughter of 34. Bernard Hutchens and 35. Rebecca (Unknown) Hutchens.
More About Benjamin Gartrell:
Christening: November 20, 1699, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
More About Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell:
Christening: November 03, 1703, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
Children of Benjamin Gartrell and Anne Gartrell are:
i. John Gartrell, born 1728 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died June 27, 1811 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married (1) Margaret (Pearce) Gartrell April 30, 1750 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; born 1716 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died April 23, 1780 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married (2) Mary (Davey) Gartrell 1781 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1728.
More About John Gartrell:
Christening: April 29, 1728, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
More About Margaret (Pearce) Gartrell:
Christening: April 03, 1716, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
ii. Benjamin Gartrell, born Abt. 1729 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died April 08, 1731 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
iii. Mary (Gartrell) Roberts, born Abt. 1730; married Thomas Roberts.
iv. Alice (Gartrell) Davey, born 1732 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married Thomas Davey November 02, 1751 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; born 1715 in Saint Gulval, Cornwall, England.
More About Alice (Gartrell) Davey:
Christening: August 27, 1732, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
More About Thomas Davey:
Christening: April 18, 1715, Saint Gulval, Cornwall, England
v. Benjamin Gartrell, born September 27, 1734 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died November 19, 1817 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Tryphena (Tonking) Gartrell October 30, 1769 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; born 1730; died December 1816 in Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England.
More About Tryphena (Tonking) Gartrell:
Burial: January 01, 1817, Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England
8 vi. William [James] Gartrell, born January 13, 1738/39 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died July 05, 1804 in Trevarthen Farm, Saint Hilary, Cornwall; married Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell January 12, 1765 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
vii. Richard Gartrell, born 1746 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; died July 03, 1755 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
More About Richard Gartrell:
Christening: October 14, 1746, Sancreed, Cornwall, England
viii. Francis Gartrell, born Abt. 1747; married (1) Elizabeth (Treeve) (Humphreys) Gartrell February 18, 1775 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; born 1746 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; died May 17, 1792 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married (2) Grace (Unknown) (Stephens) Gartrell November 08, 1794 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1747.
More About Elizabeth (Treeve) (Humphreys) Gartrell:
Christening: May 17, 1746, Sennen, Cornwall, England
ix. Bernard Gartrell, born Abt. 1748; married (1) Mary (Hodge) Gartrell May 27, 1763 in Madron, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1745 in Penzance, Cornwall, England; married (2) Alice (Nicholas) Gartrell March 10, 1768 in Madron, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1730 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
18.James OatsHe married 19. Margaret Nicholas.
19.Margaret Nicholas
Child of James Oats and Margaret Nicholas is:
9 i. Elizabeth (Oats) Gartrell, born 1743 in Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England; died September 03, 1791 in Trevarthen Farm, Saint Hilary, Cornwall; married William [James] Gartrell January 12, 1765 in Sennen, Cornwall, England.
Generation No. 6
32.John Gartrell, born 1674 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 64. John Gartrell and 65. Tyberia (Cuswin) Gartrell.He married 33. Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow January 05, 1696/97 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
33.Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow, born 1663 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England.She was the daughter of 66. James Pascow.
More About John Gartrell:
Christening: May 24, 1674, Phillack, Cornwall, England
More About Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow:
Christening: December 20, 1663, Phillack, Cornwall, England
Children of John Gartrell and Alice Carnow are:
i. John Gartrell, born 1698 in Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England; died June 24, 1698 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
More About John Gartrell:
Christening: April 27, 1698, Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, Wngland
16 ii. Benjamin Gartrell, born 1699 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died June 22, 1775 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell December 14, 1727 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
iii. John Gartrell, born 1702 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married Mary (Davie) Gartrell November 11, 1724 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; born 1697 in Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England.
More About John Gartrell:
Christening: May 04, 1702, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
More About Mary (Davie) Gartrell:
Christening: December 27, 1697, Saint Just in Penwith, Cornwall, England
iv. Francis Gartrell, born 1704 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married Anne (Baynard) Gartrell February 18, 1727/28 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1705.
More About Francis Gartrell:
Christening: January 31, 1704/05, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
v. William Gartrell, born 1707 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married Ann (Unknown) Gartrell Abt. 1741 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1710.
More About William Gartrell:
Christening: February 29, 1707/08, Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England
34.Bernard HutchensHe married 35. Rebecca (Unknown) Hutchens.
35.Rebecca (Unknown) Hutchens
Child of Bernard Hutchens and Rebecca Hutchens is:
17 i. Anne (Hitchens) Gartrell, born 1703 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; died May 22, 1785 in Sennen, Cornwall, England; married Benjamin Gartrell December 14, 1727 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
Generation No. 7
64.John Gartrell, born May 15, 1645 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died 1729 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 128. Gefrey Gartrell and 129. Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell.He married 65. Tyberia (Cuswin) Gartrell November 25, 1673 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
65.Tyberia (Cuswin) Gartrell, born Abt. 1645.
Children of John Gartrell and Tyberia Gartrell are:
32 i. John Gartrell, born 1674 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow January 05, 1696/97 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England.
ii. Katherine Gartrell, born 1674 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
More About Katherine Gartrell:
Christening: March 05, 1674/75, Phillack, Cornwall, England
iii. Francis Gartrell, born 1679 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died 1708 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
More About Francis Gartrell:
Christening: February 06, 1679/80, Phillack, Cornwall, England
iv. Benjamin Gartrell, born 1683 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
More About Benjamin Gartrell:
Christening: October 21, 1683, Phillack, Cornwall, England
66.James Pascow
Child of James Pascow is:
33 i. Alice (Paskow) (Gartrell) Carnow, born 1663 in Sancreed, Cornwall, England; married (1) John Gartrell January 05, 1696/97 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married (2) Jacob Carnow Aft. 1708.
Generation No. 8
128.Gefrey Gartrell, born 1600 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died November 1666 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 256. Goffry Gartrell and 257. Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell.He married 129. Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell April 22, 1628 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
129.Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell, born Aft. 1602 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died August 1690 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.She was the daughter of 258. John Sprigg and 259. Pascoe James.
Notes for Gefrey Gartrell:
[Gefrey Gartrell was also known as Jeffrey, Jeffrye & Geffrey Gartrell]
The following are extracts from the Cornwall Family History Society article by John Higgans, Newton Abbott, Devon, England in the June 1999 issue plus his observations written in his letter dated June 28, 1999 to myself William Gartrell, born 1932.
"HAYLE FARMERS: Until the second half of the 18th century Phillack, which included most of Hayle, was predominantly a rural parish consisting of scattered farmsteads with nearby workers' cottages and Churchtown with some dwellings grouped near the parish church. The arrival of the Cornish Copper Company at the eastern end of the parish in 1756 and John Harvey at the western end with his foundry in 1779 was followed by the building of houses to accommodate the large number of employees of these enterprises. Although the effect of reducing the amount of land available for agriculture was noticeable in some places the majority of farms in the parish remained untouched by this development."
"The Gartrell's are one on the many family names of yeomen who farmed in the parish on the large holdings or as husbandmen with a few acres. The landlords for centuries were among the great land-owing families of the county - the Arundel's, Gregor's, Hoblyn's, Praed's and Buller's. By the 19th century they had disposed of their freeholds."
"Gefrey Gartrell (1600-1666) arrived at Higher Treglisson, a farm of some 72 acres, as a tenant in the last years of the 16th century. There is evidence that Gefrey was illiterate, a common failing in those days, but not shared by his sons and grandsons who were much in demand as witnesses of wills of their fellow yeoman in the parish and as recorders and valuers of their assets when they died. In parish affairs they were also prominent acting as churchwardens and the parish constable. They were among the most affluent in the parish and were among the very few of sufficient means to be taxed on their wealth from time to time in the 17th century."
"Gefrey Gartrell, born about 1600 had five sons, Jeoffrie, Richard, William, John and Thomas. There are indications that Richard moved to Lezant in east Cornwalland William to Illogan some 12 miles east of Phillack. John and Jeffery remained in Phillack, but nothing is known of Thomas. The Gartrell surname came to an end in Phillack with the death of John in 1729. His son also John moved to Saint Buryan in west Cornwall and founded a Gartrell line there."
More About Gefrey Gartrell:
Burial: November 29, 1666, Phillack, Cornwall, England
Christening: October 12, 1600, Phillack, Cornwall, England
Occupation: Farmer
Notes for Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell:
WILMOTT'S HUSBANDS WILL:
The will of Gefrey Gartrell, who married Wilmott Sprigg, was christened in 1600. His will listed his wife Wilmot, his son's Jeoffrie, Richard, William, John & Thomas, his daughter's Anna, wife of James White & Katherine, his granddaughter's Katherine, daughter of his son Jeoffrie and Jane daughter of his son-in-law James White, his grandson's, the sons of Jeoffrie and John. Plus the children of Elizabeth the wife of the late John Gartrell of Phillack, Remfry, John and Elizabeth. These wills left by our early Gartrell ancestors have been most helpful in trying to understand more about their offspring's.
More About Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell:
Burial: August 26, 1690, Phillack, Cornwall, England
Children of Gefrey Gartrell and Wilmott Gartrell are:
i. John Gartrell, born August 30, 1632 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died October 1632 in (died as an infant) Phillack, Cornwall, England.
More About John Gartrell:
Burial: October 29, 1632, Phillack, Cornwall, England
ii. Jeoffrie Gartrell, born January 11, 1632/33 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died 1712 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married Grace (Harris) Gartrell February 12, 1657/58 in Redruth, Cornwall, England; born 1639 in Redruth, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Jeoffrie Gartrell:
[Jeoffrie Gartrell was also known as Jeffry, Jeffery & Jeoferie Gartrell]
More About Grace (Harris) Gartrell:
Christening: September 08, 1639, Redruth, Cornwall, England
iii. Anna (Gartrell) White, born June 13, 1637 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married James White January 11, 1657/58 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Anna (Gartrell) White:
Also know as Ann
iv. Katherine (Gartrell) (Yeo) Jordon, born Abt. 1638 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married (1) Thomas Yeo January 13, 1667/68 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1645 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married (2) Thomas Jordon 1686; born Abt. 1645 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Katherine (Gartrell) (Yeo) Jordon:
Also known as Catherine
v. Richard Gartrell, born December 01, 1639 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died in Lezant, Cornwall, England; married Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell Abt. 1668 in Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1640; died in Lezant, Cornwall, England.
vi. William Gartrell, born August 28, 1642 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died 1703 in Illogan, Cornwall, England; married Charity (Stevens) Gartrell Abt. 1674.
64 vii. John Gartrell, born May 15, 1645 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died 1729 in Saint Buryan, Cornwall, England; married Tyberia (Cuswin) Gartrell November 25, 1673 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
viii. Thomas Gartrell, born Abt. 1646.
Generation No. 9
256.Goffry Gartrell, born Abt. 1570; died 1648.He was the son of 512. Goffry Gartrell and 513. Unknown Gartrell.He married 257. Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell.
257.Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell, died October 03, 1601 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
Notes for Goffry Gartrell:
[Goffry Gartrell was also known as Jeffrey Gartrell]
WHERE DID THE GARTRELL'S ANCESTORS COME FROM?
This is difficult to determine. We know that Goffry, the elder grandson of Goffry born in 1540 was a farmer from Cornwall, England and many of his descendants were both farmers and miners, however the official recorded information on the Gartrell's does not go back further then Goffry and his immediate family.
It is a common feeling among the present living Gartrell descendants that our ancestors original came from France, most likely from the town of Rouen in the Normandy area of France, where these French Huguenot's were hard rock minors.If this is true, then it is quite possible that they were descendants of Danish Viking warriors.As according to the history records "One of these Danish Viking armies in 911 accepted by treaty, huge tracks of land in northern France (now known as Normandy, `land of the Northmen') and settled there."
It is very possible that the early Gartrell's mirrored the Pomeroy family ancestors, who were another family from the early Cornwall, England history records. The following are excerpts from the Pomeroy family research, which is extensive with a long lineage of their family:
"Aboutthe year 1000 a Norwegian settled in Contentin, France. He was one of the Viking conquerors of Normandy. A descendant of his, by the name Roger (no surnames as yet) was noted as a benefactor of the Abbey of Saint Mary de Val in Normandy. His know children were Radulphus, Hugue, William Capra, and Beatrice. The sons came with William the Conqueror to England in 1066 and for his services Radulphus received lands in Devon and Cornwall. Lands of course taken from the Saxons who held them at the time of the Conquest.
When William the Conqueror ordered everyone to have a surname, Radulphus chose Pommeraye because he had come from the apple growing section of Normandy. It is believed that Hugue died in the battle of Hastings, and William Capra was noted as William Chievre in the Exchequer Books. It is said that anyone bearing the name Pommeraye, now Pomeroy is a descendant of Radulphus because he was the first one to bear the name. Some of the records have been challenged, but it would take a life time to search and confirm or deny what has been written.
Due to loss of church records and wills, it has been impossible to trace and connect the Pomeroy's of today with this family so far. But since the first Pomeroy was given the lands in Cornwall and in the 1500s there were many Pomeroy families living in and around Saint Neot, and also since there were many sons of the family not traced, there can be no doubt that the Radulphus who came over with William the Conqueror in 1066 is a Pomeroy ancestor. To the year 1538 when vital records began to be kept in England, there were about fifteen generations, and during that time many sons were born to the Pomeroy name whose descendants were not traced or recognized in any way. Since the family lived and multiplied in Cornwall and Devon, there is no doubt these ancestors are numbered among those descendants."
Ifthe Gartrell ancestors originally came from France, they apparently migrated across the English Channel to Cornwall, England (the Penzance area), where they were involved in the local Cornwall tin mining.In the early 1600's through mainly the late 1800's many of the individual Gartrell's immigrated to other lands.
Notes for Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell:
We believe this Elizabeth was the first wife of Goffry Gartrell, born about 1570 as Goffry's first son was christened on October 12, 1600. Elizabeth died October 3, 1601 and then Goffry Gartrell, born in 1570 married Elizabeth Roberts on April 15, 1605.
She represents one of the earliest listing found thus far on the Gartrell's in England, since vital records began to be kept there in 1538. The records state that "The wife of Goffry Gartrell died on October 3, 1601 in Phillack, Cornwall, England."The only earlier listing of a Gartrell was her son Gefrey who was christened October 12, 1600.We have learned from the wills recorded by his children as well as other parish information that this Gartrell family lived and multiplied in the Cornwall area of England since at least the mid 1500s.
Child of Goffry Gartrell and Elizabeth Gartrell is:
128 i. Gefrey Gartrell, born 1600 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died November 1666 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell April 22, 1628 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
258.John Sprigg, born November 26, 1566 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 516. Robert Spriggs and 517. Agnes (Hendye) Spriggs.He married 259. Pascoe James April 08, 1611.
259.Pascoe James
Children of John Sprigg and Pascoe James are:
129 i. Wilmott (Sprigg) Gartrell, born Aft. 1602 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; died August 1690 in Phillack, Cornwall, England; married Gefrey Gartrell April 22, 1628 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
ii. Phillip Sprigg, born Bef. 1623; died October 15, 1679 in Saint Martins by Looe, Cornwall, England; married Unknown Spriggs.
iii. Thomas Spriggs, born Aft. 1611; died April 12, 1663 in Saint Ives, Cornwall, England; married Margery (Anderdon) Spriggs 1623 in Saint Ives, Cornwall, England.
Generation No. 10
512.Goffry Gartrell, born Abt. 1540.He married 513. Unknown Gartrell.
513.Unknown Gartrell
Notes for Goffry Gartrell:
Goffry Gartrell, 1540: Although we do not now actually know the first name of this Unknown Gartrell, we feel Goffry is a good assumption, because of the names of his children.
The following are extracts from 'The Origin of Surnames' published in 1996 by Hall of Names International, Inc. and 'At the Edge' published between 1989 and 1998:
WHERE DID THE GARTRELL SURNAME ORGINATE?
"Our surname, which is a very intimate tag is our only traceable historical link to the unique performance of our most cherished possession, our body particular, no matter which way you go. Fact is, this nametag is far more important to you than computer records, social security numbers, credit cards or pin numbers. Your surname is where it all starts."
Before the spelling of surnames stabilized it was not unusual for varieties of the Gartrell name to be found in the parish registers such as Gartrell, Gartere or even as Garter, particular in the records of Saint Buryan and Saint Just in Penwith. The spelling depended on the way parish clerks thought surnames should be written given the way they were pronounced.
The Gartrell surname is not one that has its roots in the Cornish language, is it possible that the 'Gartrell' surname derived from the 'Gartree Bush' which was a common meeting place during the Iron Age of pre-Roman Britain in England?
"The Gartree Bush (from the name 'goitred") which once had particular significance as a landmark was located just north of a major Roman road, know locally as the Gartree Road which runs north-west to south-west from Leicester to Melbourne and Godmanchester (and, ultimately Colchester)."
I guess we will never know where the Gartrell surname originated, but this a possibility.
Notes for Unknown Gartrell:
It appears that the Gartrell's from England were the bulk of the Gartrell's located in Europe from the 1500s on. In fact this is basically the only area in the world that the Latter-Day-Saints or Mormon records show any early listing about Gartrell's.
The following is an excerptfrom a current description of Cornwall written by a David Holman in 1999.
CORNWALL
"Cornwall is the most South Westerly County in the United Kingdom. It has only one land border, that with the County of Devon, to the East. This eastern boundary is marked for almost all its length by the River Tamar. The rest of the county is surrounded by sea. This makes the County a peninsula and were it not for the short piece of land North of the Tamar, some say it would be an island. The county is actually a Duchy and the Duke of Cornwall is the Monarch's eldest son, currently His Royal Highness Prince Charles. The population of the county has changed over the last 200 years, in 1801 it was 192,281 rising to a peak of 369,390 in 1861 it then fell back slightly and now stands at around 481,900. Until the end of the eighteenth century the ancient Celtic language of Cornish was spoken here, it is currently undergoing a revival and the ancient name of the County "Kernow" can be seen at the roadside when crossing the 'Border' from 'England'. The county is 80 miles long from the Devon Border to Land's End. At its widest it is about 45 miles wide and averages about 24 miles wide with the narrowest point between St Ives and Mount's Bay being a mere 7 miles wide. About 30 miles to the South West of Land's End lie the Isles of Scilly, which form part of the County. The landscape is varied with large outcrops of granite rock and granite hills, such as Bodmin Moor in the East. The Administrative Capital and County Town is the City of Truro, lying to the west of the center of the County. The main industry was formerly tin mining, but with the fall in tin prices the last mine, at South Crofty, had closed. A Welsh businessman is now in the process of buying the mine so mining is once again likely to continue in Cornwall and there will only have been a short gap in its history. Other industries vary from the extraction and export of China Clay from near St Austell to the export of Spring flowers from the west. The main industry is probably the tourist industry with many visitors coming to the area between Easter and late Autumn."
Children of Goffry Gartrell and Unknown Gartrell are:
256 i. Goffry Gartrell, born Abt. 1570; died 1648; married (1) Elizabeth (Unknown) Gartrell; married (2) Elizabeth (Roberts) Gartrell April 15, 1605 in Phillack, Cornwall, England.
ii. Galfridus Gartrell, born Abt. 1575; died December 17, 1641 in Breage, Cornwall, England; married Katherine (Nicholl) Gartrell 1617 in Lelant, Cornwall, England; born Abt. 1585.
Notes for Galfridus Gartrell:
[Galfridus was also know as Geoffry & Jeffrey Gartrell]
The wills left by our early Gartrell ancestors have been most helpful in trying to understand family connection between them. The will of Galfridus (or Jeffery) Gartrell, married Katherine Nicholl, who we believed to have been born about 1575. His will listed his wife Katherine, his son Ambrose, his daughter Katherine married to William Carlyon, his grandson's Geoffry, Vernon, William, John & Edward Carlyon, plus his nephew's John Gartrell, Richard Lakes & Richard's son William all of Phillack.
Needless to say this entry about his brother's children indicates that this branch of the Gartrell family left the Phillack area where they originated, but unfortunately, the present day registers from Breage are in poor condition with great gaps, for example there are no baptisms listed from 1657 to 1678. Thus it is difficult to trace this family further.
516.Robert Spriggs, born Bef. 1545; died January 24, 1595/96 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.He was the son of 1032. David Spriggs and 1033. Unknown Spriggs.He married 517. Agnes (Hendye) Spriggs September 02, 1565 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
517.Agnes (Hendye) Spriggs
Children of Robert Spriggs and Agnes Spriggs are:
258 i. John Sprigg, born November 26, 1566 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married Pascoe James April 08, 1611.
ii. Jone Sprigg, born October 03, 1568 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; died June 14, 1576 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
iii. Elizabeth (Sprigg) Couche, born February 23, 1570/71 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married John Couche May 16, 1591 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
iv. Florance Sprigg, born March 12, 1573/74 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
v. Bridget Sprigg, died July 20, 1756 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England (as an infant).
vi. Jane Sprigg, born September 06, 1576 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
vii. Robert Sprigg, born June 02, 1578 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; died October 17, 1590 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
viii. Daniell Sprigg, born February 13, 1580/81 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married Unknown Spriggs.
ix. David [Davie] Sprigg, born September 25, 1583 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; died September 07, 1590 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
Generation No. 11
1032.David Spriggs, born Bef. 1505; died Bef. 1559.He married 1033. Unknown Spriggs.
1033.Unknown Spriggs
Children of David Spriggs and Unknown Spriggs are:
i. John Spriggs, married Unknown Spriggs Bef. 1568.
ii. Elizabeth Spriggs
516 iii. Robert Spriggs, born Bef. 1545; died January 24, 1595/96 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married Agnes (Hendye) Spriggs September 02, 1565 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.
iv. David [Davy] Spriggs, born Bef. 1545; died April 14, 1576 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married (1) Jone (Unknown) Spriggs Bef. 1559; died January 25, 1561/62 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England; married (2) Jone (Barseye) Spriggs June 17, 1565 in Bodwin, Cornwall, England.