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Ancestors of Dr. Dan L. Anglin

75694162.Miles De Reigny, born Abt. 1170 in W., England.

Child of Miles De Reigny is:

Ela De Reigny, born Abt. 1200 in W., England; married Simon De Ralegh Abt. 1219 in W., England.

      75694592.Renaud (Reginald) Seigneur De COURTENAY^2018,^2019,^2020,²⁰²¹, born Abt. 1130 in Of Courtenay, Loiret, France ^2022,^2023,²⁰²⁴; died September 27, 1194 ^2025,^2026,²⁰²⁷.He was the son of 151389184. Renaud (Reginald) Seigneur De COURTENAY and 151389185. Hawise De Donjon.He married 75694593. Hawise De CURCY Bef. 1178²⁰²⁷.
      75694593.Hawise De CURCY^2028,^2029,^2030,²⁰³¹, born Abt. 1140; died July 31, 1209.She was the daughter of 151389186. William De Curcy and 151389187. Dame De Avranches.

Child of Renaud De COURTENAY and Hawise De CURCY is:

37847296

Sir Knight Robert De Courtenay, born 1170 in Okehampton, d., England; died July 26, 1242 in Iwerne, Dorset, England; married Mary De Reviers 1213.

      75694594.William Reviers, Earl of Devon, born Abt. 1128 in Devon, England; died September 10, 1217.He was the son of 151389188. Baldwin De Rivers, Earl of Devon and 151389189. Adeliza Lucia Debaalum.He met 75694595. M. Beaumont, Countess of Devon Abt. 1189.
      75694595.M. Beaumont, Countess of Devon, born Abt. 1168 in Meulan, N., France; died May 01, 1204.She was the daughter of 151389190. Count of Meulan Beaumont and 151389191. Countess of Meulan Dunstanville.

Child of William Reviers and M. Beaumont is:

37847297

Mary De Reviers, born Abt. 1196 in Okehampton, d., England; married Sir Knight Robert De Courtenay 1213.

      75694596.Robert De Vere, III Earl of Oxford^2032,²⁰³³, born Abt. 1140; died October 25, 1221 in England ²⁰³⁴.He was the son of 151389192. [Earl of Oxford] Alberic III Baron De VERE and 151389193. Lucia d'Abrancis.He married 75694597. Isabel De Bolbec.
      75694597.Isabel De Bolbec^2035,²⁰³⁶, born Abt. 1164; died February 02, 1244/45 in England.She was the daughter of 151389194. Hugh II Baron De BOLBEC and 151389195. Sibil De Vesey.

Children of Robert De Vere and Isabel De Bolbec are:

37847298	i.	Hugh De Vere, IV Earl Of Oxford, born Abt. 1184 in Hatfield, Essex, England; died December 23, 1263; married Hawise De Quincy February 11, 1222/23.
	ii.	Alice (Alicia) De VERE ^2037,²⁰³⁸, born Abt. 1185 in Hatfield, Essex, England ²⁰³⁹; married Henry De La POMEROY
	iii.	Eleanor De VERE ^2040,²⁰⁴¹, born Abt. 1188 in Of Essex, England ²⁰⁴²; married Ralph GERNON

      75694598.[EARL OF WINCHESTM Saier De Quincy, IV Earl of Winchester^2043,^2044,^2045,^2046,^2047,^2048,^2049,²⁰⁵⁰, born 1150 in Winchester, England ²⁰⁵¹; died November 03, 1219 in Damietta, England²⁰⁵¹.He was the son of 151389196. [Sir Knight] Sir Knight Robert De Quincy and 151389197. [Countess of Mar] Orabella De LEUCHARS.He married 75694599. [Cntss Of Wnchstr] Margaret De Harcourt, Countess of Beaumont Abt. 1174 in England²⁰⁵¹.
      75694599.[Cntss Of Wnchstr] Margaret De Harcourt, Countess of Beaumont^2052,^2053,^2054,^2055,^2056,^2057,^2058,²⁰⁵⁹, born 1154 in Of Hampshire, England ^2060,^2061,^2062,^2063,^2064,²⁰⁶⁵; died January 12, 1235/36 ^2066,^2067,^2068,^2069,^2070,²⁰⁷¹.She was the daughter of 151389198. [EARL OF LEICESTER] Robert Blanchmains De Beaumont, Earl Leicester and 151389199. [COUNTESS OF LEICESTER] Petronille De GRENTMESNIL, Countess Leicester.

Children of Saier De Quincy and Margaret De Harcourt are:

	i.	[EARL OF WINCHESTER] Roger De Quincy, Earl of Winchester ^2072,^2073,^2074,^2075,^2076,^2077,^2078,²⁰⁷⁹, born Abt. 1174 in Of Winchester, Hampshire, England ^2080,^2081,^2082,^2083,^2084,²⁰⁸⁵; died April 25, 1264 in England ^2086,^2087,^2088,^2089,^2090,²⁰⁹¹; married (1) [COUNTESS PEMBROKE] Matilda (Maud) De BOHUN; married (2) [COUNTESS OF WORCESTER] Helen (Elena) De Galloway, Countess of Worcester Abt. 1217^2091,^2092,^2093,²⁰⁹⁴; born Abt. 1207 in Carrick, A., Scotland²⁰⁹⁴; died Aft. November 21, 1264 in England²⁰⁹⁴; married (3) Eleanor De FERRERS Bef. December 05, 1252 ^2095,^2096,^2097,^2098,²⁰⁹⁹; born Abt. 1236 in Of, Derbyshire, England ^2100,²¹⁰¹; died Bef. October 12, 1274 ^2102,²¹⁰³.
	ii.	[EARL OF WINCHESTER] Robert De QUINCY ^2104,^2105,^2106,^2107,^2108,^2109,²¹¹⁰, born Abt. 1175 in Of Winchester, Buckley, Hampshire, England ^2111,^2112,^2113,^2114,^2115,²¹¹⁶; died August 1217 in SpmLondon, Middlesex, England ^2117,^2118,^2119,^2120,^2121,²¹²²; married [COUNTESS OF LINCOLN] Hawyse Cyvelick De MESCHINES Abt. 1207 ^2123,^2124,^2125,^2126,^2127,²¹²⁸; born 1180 in Of Chester, Cheshire, England ^2129,^2130,²¹³¹; died Aft. June 06, 1241 ^2132,^2133,²¹³⁴.
37847299	iii.	Hawise De Quincy, born Abt. 1178 in Winchester, H., England; died February 11, 1222/23; married Hugh De Vere, IV Earl Of Oxford February 11, 1222/23.
	iv.	Loretta De QUINCY ^2135,^2136,^2137,^2138,^2139,^2140,²¹⁴¹, born Abt. 1180 in Of, Winchester, Hampshire, England ^2142,^2143,^2144,^2145,^2146,²¹⁴⁷; married William De VALOINES; born Abt. 1180.
	v.	John De QUINCY ^2148,^2149,^2150,^2151,^2152,^2153,²¹⁵⁴, born Abt. 1182 in Of, Winchester, Hampshire, England ^2155,^2156,^2157,^2158,^2159,²¹⁶⁰
	vi.	Reginald De QUINCY ^2161,^2162,^2163,^2164,^2165,^2166,²¹⁶⁷, born Abt. 1184 in Of, Winchester, Hampshire, England ^2168,^2169,^2170,^2171,^2172,²¹⁷³
	vii.	Beatrice De QUINCY ^2174,^2175,^2176,^2177,^2178,^2179,²¹⁸⁰, born Abt. 1185 in Of, Brackley, Northamptonshire, England ^2181,^2182,^2183,^2184,^2185,²¹⁸⁶; married William De BRUERE
	viii.	[Lady] Arabella De QUINCY ^2187,^2188,^2189,^2190,^2191,^2192,²¹⁹³, born Abt. 1186 in Of Winchester, Hampshire, England ^2194,^2195,^2196,^2197,^2198,²¹⁹⁹; died Aft. 1258 ^2200,^2201,^2202,^2203,^2204,²²⁰⁵; married [SIR KNIGHT] Richard De HARCOURT Abt. 1236²²⁰⁵; born Abt. 1180.

      75694600.Thurston Le DESPENCER^2206,^2207,²²⁰⁸, born Abt. 1122 in Of London, Middlesex, England ^2209,²²¹⁰.He married 75694601. Mrs-Thurston Le DESPENCER.
      75694601.Mrs-Thurston Le DESPENCER^2211,^2212,²²¹³, born Abt. 1126 in Of, London, Middlesex, England ^2214,²²¹⁵.

Children of Thurston DESPENCER and Mrs-Thurston DESPENCER are:

	i.	[LORD DESPENSER] Walter DESPENCER ^2216,^2217,²²¹⁸, born Abt. 1148 in Of, Stanley, Lincolnshire, England ^2219,²²²⁰; died in SP ^2221,²²²²
	ii.	[SHERIFF OF RUTLANDSHIRE] Almaric DESPENCER ^2223,^2224,²²²⁵, born Abt. 1150 in Of, Ryhale, Rutlandshire, Or Of, Stanley, Gloucestershire, England ^2226,²²²⁷; died Aft. 1189 ^2228,²²²⁹; married (1) Amabel (Maud) De CHESNEY; married (2) Alda BLUET
	iii.	Hugh DESPENCER ^2230,^2231,²²³², born Abt. 1152 in Of Ryhale, Rutland, England ^2233,²²³⁴; died 1199 ^2235,²²³⁶
	iv.	[SIR KNIGHT] Galfridus (Geoffrey) Le DESPENCER ^2237,^2238,²²³⁹, born Abt. 1155 in Of, Defford, Worcestershire, England ^2240,²²⁴¹; died 1251 ^2242,²²⁴³; married Ann SPENCER
37847300	v.	Thomas DESPENCER, born Abt. 1169 in Of Elington, Lincolnshire, England.

      75694612.William Cantilupe, born Abt. 1159 in R., England; died April 07, 1239.He was the son of 151389224. Walter Cantilupe.He married 75694613. Mecelin Brace.
      75694613.Mecelin Brace, born Abt. 1163 in Shrpsh, England.She was the daughter of 151389226. Adulph Braci.

Child of William Cantilupe and Mecelin Brace is:

37847306

William Cantilupe, born Abt. 1185; died 1240; married Milicent Gournai

      75694614.Hugh Gournai, born 1163 in Ashby, Bucks, England.He married 75694615. Julia Martin.
      75694615.Julia Martin, born 1165 in Ashby, Bucks, England.

Child of Hugh Gournai and Julia Martin is:

37847307

Milicent Gournai, born Abt. 1189 in Ashby, Bucks, England; married William Cantilupe

75694624.Humphrey De BohunIV, Earl of Hereford^2244,²²⁴⁴, born Abt. 1175^2244,²²⁴⁴; died Aft. 1232²²⁴⁴.He was the son of 151389248. [Constable of England] Humphrey De BOHUNIII, Earl of Hereford and 151389249. [DUCHESS OF BRITTANY] Margaret of Hungtington Princess of Scotland.

Child of Humphrey De BohunIV, Earl of Hereford is:

37847312

Henry De BohunV, Earl Of Hereford, born WFT Est. 1145-1156; died WFT Est. 1184-1274; married WFT Est. 1169-1284.

75694640.[FITZEMPRESS] Henry II Plantagenet King Of England, Duke of Aq^2245,^2246,^2247,^2248,²²⁴⁹, born March 05, 1132/33 in LeMans, France ^2250,²²⁵¹; died July 06, 1189 in Mirabell Castle of Chinon, France ^2252,²²⁵³.He was the son of 151389280. [COUNT OF ANJOU] Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count Of Anjou and 151389281. [PRINCESS OF ENGLAND] Mathilde Plantagenet, Dowager Empress Of GERMANY.He married 75694641. [QUEEN OF ENGLAND] Eleanor of Aquataine, Queen of France & England May 11, 1152 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France ^2254,^2255,²²⁵⁶.
75694641.[QUEEN OF ENGLAND] Eleanor of Aquataine, Queen of France & England^2257,^2258,^2259,^2260,²²⁶¹, born 1123 in Chateau de Belin, Gironde, France ^2262,^2263,²²⁶⁴; died March 31, 1204 in Mirabell Castle, Tarn-et-Garonne, France ^2265,^2266,²²⁶⁷.She was the daughter of 151389282. [COUNT OF POITOU] William X De Poitou Duke Of Aquitaine and 151389283. Eleanor (Aenor) Viscountess Of Chatellerault.
Notes for [FITZEMPRESS] Henry II Plantagenet King Of England, Duke of Aq:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
See also notes on Geoffrey Plantagenet.
Henry II (born 1133, ruled 1154-89). The grandson of Henry I was the first Plantagenet king of England. His mother was Matilda, daughter of Henry I. His father was Geoffrey of Anjou, whom Matilda married after the death of her first husband, Emperor Henry V. Geoffrey was called Plantagenet for his habit of wearing in his cap a sprig of the broom plant, which in Latin is called planta genista.
Henry II was born in Le Mans, France, in March 1133. During his mother's conflict with Stephen for the English throne he was brought to England. Stephen eventually recognized his claim, and Henry became king of England in 1154 after Stephen's death.
Henry II held England and Normandy by his mother's right. From his father he inherited, as French fiefs, the important counties of Anjou, Maine, and Touraine. By his marriage with Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage with the French king Louis VII had been annulled, he acquired Poitou, Guyenne, and Gascony, so that he held most of the British Isles and about half of France.
Henry II reestablished law and order after the anarchy of Stephen's reign. He improved the military service by permitting the barons to pay "shield money," or scutage, in place of serving in the army. With this he hired soldiers who would fight whenever and wherever he wished an important means of maintaining control over the powerful nobles of the land.
His greatest work was the reform of the law courts. He brought the Curia Regis (King's Court) into every part of England by sending learned judges on circuit through the land to administer the "king's justice." Thus gradually one system of law took the place of the many local customs that had been in use. He also established the grand jury. Now accusations could be brought by a body of representatives of the community against evildoers who were so powerful that no single individual dared accuse them.
The petit jury, also called petty or trial jury, substituted the weighing of evidence and testimony by sworn men for the old superstitious trial by combat or by ordeal. (See also Jury System.) Henry even attempted to bring churchmen who committed crimes under the jurisdiction of the king's courts, but the scandal caused by the murder of Archbishop Thomas Becket in the course of this quarrel forced him to give up this reform (see Becket).
Henry's last years were embittered by the rebellion of his sons, aided by Philip Augustus of France and by their mother, the unscrupulous Eleanor. The king old, sick, and discouraged had to consent to the terms demanded of him. When he saw the name of John, his favorite son, among those of his enemies, he exclaimed, "Now let all things go as they will; I care no more for myself, nor for the world."
Two days later he died, muttering, "Shame, shame on a conquered king." He was succeeded by his son Richard (see Richard, Kings of England). After Richard's death, in 1199, John came to the throne (see John of England).
---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright c 1993, 1994 Compton's NewMedia, Inc.
--------------------------------------------------------
Henry II (of England) (1133-89), king of England (1154-89), first monarch of the house of Anjou, or Plantagenet, an important administrative reformer, who was one of the most powerful European rulers of his time.
Born March 5, 1133, at Le Mans, France, Henry became duke of Normandy in 1151. The following year, on the death of his father, he inherited the Angevin territories in France. By his marriage in 1152 to Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry added vast territories in southwestern France to his possessions. Henry claimed the English kingship through his mother, Matilda (1102-67). She had been designated the heiress of Henry I but had been deprived of the succession by her cousin, Stephen of Blois, who made himself king. In 1153 Henry defeated Stephen's armies in England and compelled the king to choose him as his successor; on Stephen's death, the following year, Henry became king. During the first few years of his reign Henry quelled the disorders that had developed during Stephen's reign, regained the northern counties of England, which had previously been ceded to Scotland, and conquered North Wales. In 1171-72 he began the Norman conquest of Ireland and in 1174 forced William the Lion, king of the Scots, to recognize him as overlord.
In 1164 Henry became involved in a quarrel with Thomas à Becket, whom he had appointed archbishop of Canterbury. By the Constitutions of Clarendon, the king decreed that priests accused of crimes should be tried in royal courts; Becket claimed that such cases should be handled by ecclesiastical courts, and the controversy that followed ended in 1170 with Becket's murder by four of Henry's knights. Widespread indignation over the murder forced the king to rescind his decree and recognize Becket as a martyr.
Although he failed to subject the church to his courts, Henry's judicial reforms were of lasting significance. In England he established a centralized system of justice accessible to all freemen and administered by judges who traveled around the country at regular intervals. He also began the process of replacing the old trial by ordeal with modern court procedures.
From the beginning of his reign, Henry was involved in conflict with Louis VII, king of France, and later with Louis's successor, Philip II, over the French provinces that Henry claimed. A succession of rebellions against Henry, headed by his sons and furthered by Philip II and by Eleanor of Aquitaine, began in 1173 and continued until his death at Chinon, France, on July 6, 1189. Henry was succeeded by his son Richard I, called Richard the Lion-Hearted.
"Henry II (of England)," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation
World Book Encyclopedia
Henry II (1133-1189) was the first king of England to come from the Plantagenet family.He reigned from 1154 until his death.Henry carried on policies started by his grandfather Henry I that increased the power of the English throne.Known as the founder of the English system of common law, Henry II revived the use of traveling circuit judges to apply the law equally throughout the land.He also introduced the use of juries into many legal procedures.
Henry was born in Le Mans, France.He was the son of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, and his wife, Matilda, daughter of Henry I. His marriage in 1152 to Eleanor of Aquitaine made him Duke of Aquitaine. He became king of England in 1154 when King Stephen died.At the height of his power, Henry ruled England and almost all of what is now western France.He also claimed authority over Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.In Henry's later years, his sons rebelled against him.Two of them, Richard the Lion-Hearted and John, became the next two kings of England.
Several of Henry's policies, including his efforts to curb the independence of the church, brought him into conflict with Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury.In 1170, four of Henry's knights, who believed they were acting on the king's orders, murdered Becket in his cathedral.
Contributor: Emily Zack Tabuteau, Ph.D., Associate Prof. of History, Michigan State Univ.
See also BECKET, SAINT THOMAS; ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE.
----end of article----

Notes for [QUEEN OF ENGLAND] Eleanor of Aquataine, Queen of France & England:
World Book Encyclopedia
Eleanor of Aquitaine, pronounced AK wih tayn (1122-1204), was the wife of King Louis VII of France and later of King Henry II of England.She was also the mother of two English kings, Richard the Lion-Hearted and John. Her control of Aquitaine, then a vast independent state next to France, made her a central figure in the struggle for power between France and England.
Eleanor was the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine.In 1137, when Eleanor was 15 years old, she inherited Aquitaine.Her land came under French control when she married Louis VII later that year.Eleanor and Louis had two daughters.But the lack of a male heir contributed to unhappiness in their marriage, and they agreed to a divorce in 1152.
Within months, Eleanor married Henry Plantagenet, who became King Henry II of England in 1154.Later, Eleanor and Henry lost affection for each other, and she supported a revolt against him in 1173.The revolt failed and Henry imprisoned Eleanor.Eleanor was freed in 1189, after Henry died and Richard became king.Eleanor greatly influenced both Richard and John during their reigns.
Contributor: Marion Meade, M.S., Author, Eleanor of Aquitaine.
See also HENRY II (king of England).
Eleanor of Aquitaine was the Countess of Poitou, and Duchess of Aquitaine
Eleanor of Aquitaine, pronounced AK wih tayn (1122-1204), was the wife of King Louis VII of France and later of King Henry II of England.She was also the mother of two English kings, Richard the Lion-Hearted and John. Her control of Aquitaine, then a vast independent state next to France, made her a central figure in the struggle for power between France and England.
Eleanor was the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine.In 1137, when Eleanor was 15 years old, she inherited Aquitaine.Her land came under French control when she married Louis VII later that year.Eleanor and Louis had two daughters.But the lack of a male heir contributed to unhappiness in their marriage, and they agreed to a divorce in 1152.
Within months, Eleanor married Henry Plantagenet, who became King Henry II of England in 1154.Later, Eleanor and Henry lost affection for each other, and she supported a revolt against him in 1173.The revolt failed and Henry imprisoned Eleanor.Eleanor was freed in 1189, after Henry died and Richard became king.Eleanor greatly influenced both Richard and John during their reigns.
Contributor: Marion Meade, M.S., Author, Eleanor of Aquitaine.
See also HENRY II (king of England).
----end of article----

Children of Henry England and Eleanor Aquataine are:

		i.		Henry Plantegenet "The Young King" of England ^2268,^2269,^2270,^2271,²²⁷², born March 28, 1155 in Bermandsey Palace, London, Middlesex, England ^2273,^2274,²²⁷⁵; died June 11, 1183 in Mortel Castle, Turenne, Correze, France ^2276,^2277,²²⁷⁸; married (1) Margaret Of France And Castile 1160 ^2279,²²⁸⁰; born WFT Est. 1119-1149 ²²⁸¹; died WFT Est. 1170-1239²²⁸¹; married (2) [QUEEN OF HUNGARY] Marguerite Princess Of FRANCE November 02, 1160 in Neubourg ²²⁸²; born Abt. 1160.
		ii.		[DUCHESS OF SAXONY AND BA Matilda (Maud) Plantegenet Princess Of England ^2283,^2284,^2285,^2286,²²⁸⁷, born 1156 ²²⁸⁸; died 1189²²⁸⁸; married Baron Henry the Lion 5th Duke Saxony & Bavaria February 01, 1167/68 in St Peter, Domkirche, Minden, Germany ²²⁸⁹; born Abt. 1150 in Probably at Ravensburg; died August 06, 1195 in Brunswick ^2290,²²⁹¹.

Notes for Baron Henry the Lion 5th Duke Saxony & Bavaria:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
Henry the Lion (circa 1129-95), duke of Saxony (1139-80) and duke of Bavaria (1156-80), a powerful German prince, who became a rival of the Holy Roman emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
The only son of Henry the Proud, duke of Bavaria and Saxony (1108-39), Henry was probably born in Ravensburg. At the age of ten he succeeded his father to the duchy of Saxony, which his mother and grandmother administered for him until 1146. In 1147 Henry demanded that the Diet of Frankfort restore to him the duchy of Bavaria, which had been taken from his father. When refused, Henry began an unsuccessful war against Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III. After Conrad's death, however, Henry's duchy was restored to him by the imperial successor, Frederick Barbarossa. Henry subsequently aided Frederick in wars in Poland and Italy between 1157 and 1159.
Possessing both German and Italian territories, Henry was a formidable figure within the Holy Roman Empire. To curb him, a league of nobles and prelates was formed in 1166; after two years of war, Henry was triumphant. In 1168 he took as his second wife Matilda (1156-89), the daughter of Henry II, king of England. In 1172-73 he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
By refusing to aid Frederick I in an Italian expedition, Henry instigated a quarrel (1175-76) between himself and the emperor. As a result, he was placed under the ban of the empire. He was deprived of most of his possessions in 1180 and twice forced into exile, in 1182 and 1189, spending most of his time in England. When he returned to Germany shortly after the second exile, Henry took part in a rebellion of German nobles against Frederick's successor, Emperor Henry VI. He made peace with the emperor, however, at Fulda in 1190. Henry was a capable ruler, one of his greatest accomplishments being the colonization of previously Slavic territories east of the Elbe River. He died at Brunswick, August 6, 1195.
"Henry the Lion," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

iii.

Richard I the Lionhearted King Of ENGLAND^2291,^2292,^2293,^2294,²²⁹⁵, born September 08, 1157 in Oxford, England ^2296,²²⁹⁷; died April 06, 1199 in Castle of Chaluz ^2298,²²⁹⁹; married [CONCUBINE 1] Berengaria Princess Of NAVARRE in Unmd ²³⁰⁰; born 1165 ²³⁰¹; died 1230 in Le Mans, France²³⁰¹.

Notes for Richard I the Lionhearted King Of ENGLAND:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
The Lionhearted
Richard I (born 1157, ruled 1189-99). Richard I, called the Lion-Hearted (Coeur de Lion), came to the throne in 1189. More than 6 feet (1.8 meters) in height, he was fair-haired and blue-eyed. As his nickname suggests, he was a splendid fighter. He was also a poet, and people loved to hear him sing, but as a king he was too careless about his duties to be called a great ruler.
Richard grew up under French rather than English influences. His parents, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, were both of French birth and education. His father was the first Plantagenet king of England, but his possessions in France covered an area larger than all of England. French was the language of the Plantagenet court, where the songs of troubadours and minstrels were always welcome. French was Richard's native tongue, and almost all his life was spent in France. Even after he became king he made only two brief visits to England.
At the age of 15 Richard was formally placed in charge of his mother's duchy of Aquitaine in southern France. The next year he joined his brothers, aided by the French king, in a widespread but unsuccessful revolt against their father. He also engaged in struggles with his elder brother Henry and his younger brother John. The death of Henry in 1183 made Richard the next heir to the throne, to which he succeeded after the death of his father in 1189.
News of the recapture of Jerusalem by the Muslims, two years before, had stirred all of Europe, and great preparations were made for the Third Crusade. For Richard this proved to be the great undertaking of his life. He made a brief visit to England to be crowned and to collect money to finance his share in the crusade. While there he made Hubert Walter chief officer of the crown. Hubert Walter governed better than Richard would have done and saved the throne for Richard when John plotted to seize it during his brother's absence.
Richard returned to the continent to complete his preparations. The English fleet sailed by way of Gibraltar to Marseilles, while Richard journeyed overland to the same port. He joined King Philip of France in Sicily, where they spent the winter and quarreled violently. Richard again detoured on the way to the Holy Land, this time to fight with the ruler of Cyprus. He finally joined Philip at the siege of Acre, which surrendered in July 1191.
Because of his military skill and courage, Richard was soon acknowledged as chief leader of the crusade. Before long King Philip returned to France, where he plotted against his rival. For more than a year Richard remained in Palestine. When he fell ill of fever it is said that his great opponent Saladin, the leader of the Muslims, sent him fruit and snow. "He was brave," says an Arab writer, "experienced in war, and fearless of death. If he had been alone among millions of enemies, he would not have declined battle; when he attacked there was no resisting." Twice the crusaders were within two days' march of Jerusalem, but they were unable to take the city. At last Richard negotiated a three-year truce, under which the Christians might safely visit the Holy Sepulcher. He then sailed for home in October 1192.
While on the Crusade Richard had not only quarreled with Philip but had offended Leopold, duke of Austria. He had intended to sail to Marseilles, but he learned of a plot to seize him as soon as he reached the coast of France, so he landed instead at the head of the Adriatic Sea and then traveled overland in disguise. Betrayed when he reached Vienna, he was captured by Leopold in December 1192. Leopold turned him over to Henry VI, the Holy Roman emperor, who demanded a huge sum for his release.
Meanwhile in England Richard's brother John had been plotting with Philip to divide Richard's realm. John wanted the emperor to keep Richard prisoner, but Hubert Walter raised the money for his ransom and Richard was set free early in 1194. Richard hurried to England but stayed only long enough to raise more money for a new campaign in France. He spent the remaining five years of his life fighting against Philip and building his castle, the Chateau Gaillard, in Normandy. While laying siege to a castle in southern France, he was hit by a crossbow bolt and died a few days later. His brother John succeeded him.
Even in Richard's lifetime his adventures were the subject of song and story. An early French chronicle tells how Richard's faithful minstrel, Blondel, searched for his imprisoned king by standing under the windows of many castles and singing until he finally heard Richard reply. Richard was featured in two novels by the Scottish writer Sir Walter Scott 'Ivanhoe' and 'The Talisman'.
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Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright c 1993, 1994 Compton's NewMedia, Inc.
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Richard I, called Coeur de Lion or Lion-Hearted (1157-99), king of England (1189-99), third son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, born in Oxford. When he was an infant, Richard was betrothed to a daughter of the French king Louis VII, and in 1172 he was given the duchy of Aquitaine in France, his mother's inheritance. His early years were spent in warring against his father to protect his own interests; he emerged a brilliant soldier. In 1189 he became king of England and shortly thereafter set out on the Third Crusade. He was accompanied by the young Philip II, king of France, son of Louis VII. The Crusade proved a failure almost from the start, mainly because of the lack of harmony between the two kings. In Sicily Richard quarreled with Philip and refused to marry Philip's sister as planned. Instead he married Berengaria of Navarre on Cyprus, which he conquered in 1191. After capturing Acre from the Saracens that same year, Richard executed 2700 Muslim prisoners of war. It was Richard's personal valor in the Holy Land, however, rather than his ruthlessness, that made his name famous in legend. Conflict over policy in the Holy Land resulted in a break between the two, and Philip returned to France alone. Richard spent months in indecisive contests against Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, before making a truce by which Jerusalem was left in Saladin's hands. Captured en route to England by Leopold V, duke of Austria (1157-94), Richard was handed over to Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV. He was released in 1194 only after paying a heavy ransom. Richard returned to England and there made peace with his brother, John, later king of England, who in his absence had been conspiring with Philip to usurp the English throne. Leaving the government of England to the care of the able administrator Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury (died 1205), Richard went to France in 1194 to wage war against the French king. Campaigns in defense of his European lands continued for five years. Victor in most of the warfare in which he engaged, Richard was fatally wounded by an arrow during an insignificant skirmish in 1199.
As king, Richard had chosen able ministers, to whom he left most matters of administration. Under his rule, however, England suffered heavy taxation, levied to support his expeditions. Sometimes cruel, sometimes magnanimous, and always courageous, Richard was well versed in the knightly accomplishments of his age and was also a poet. He was to become the hero of many legendary tales.
"Richard I," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

Notes for [CONCUBINE 1] Berengaria Princess Of NAVARRE:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
Berengaria (circa 1165-1230), queen consort of King Richard I of England. She was the daughter of Sancho VI, king of Navarre (1132?-94), and was betrothed to Richard shortly after his accession to the English throne in 1189. She joined him in Reggio, Italy, in 1191, while he was traveling to Palestine on the Third Crusade, and they were married later the same year in Limassol, Cyprus. From 1191 to 1192, while Richard campaigned against the Saracens, she lived in Acre in Palestine, and from 1192 to 1194, while he was a prisoner in Germany, she lived in Poitou (now in France). After Richard's release from captivity the couple appear to have become estranged, and modern historians agree that they were probably never reunited. After Richard's death in 1199, Berengaria spent most of her last years in Le Mans, France, where she died.
"Berengaria," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

		iv.		Philip Prince Of ENGLAND ^2302,^2303,^2304,²³⁰⁵, born Abt. 1160 in Of, , , England ^2306,^2307,²³⁰⁸; died in , Infant ^2309,^2310,²³¹¹
		v.		[QUEEN OF CASTILE] Eleanor Plantegenet Queen England, & Aquitaine ^2312,^2313,^2314,^2315,²³¹⁶, born October 13, 1162 in Burgos, Burgos, Spain ^2317,²³¹⁸; died October 25, 1214 in Las Huelgas, B., Spain ^2319,²³²⁰; married (1) Fernando Alphoso VIII King of Leon & Castile 1177 ^2321,²³²²; born August 15, 1171 in Soria, Soria, Spain ^2323,²³²⁴; died October 06, 1214 ^2325,²³²⁶; married (2) Alfonso VIII SANCHEZ King Of CASTILE September 22, 1177 in Burgos, Burgos, Spain ²³²⁷; born November 11, 1155 in Soria, Soria, Spain ^2328,^2329,²³³⁰; died October 06, 1214 in Gutierre Munoz, Avila, Spain ^2331,^2332,²³³³.

Notes for Fernando Alphoso VIII King of Leon & Castile:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
Alfonso VIII (1155-1214), king of Castile (1158-1214); he succeeded to the throne on the death of his father, Sancho III (circa 1134-58). Troubled by interference from Navarre in his youth, he later allied Castile with Aragón, forming a connection that was eventually to become the basis for the unification of Spain. He also established Castilian dominance over León. In 1170 he married Eleanor (died 1214), daughter of King Henry II of England. From the 1170s, he resisted encroachments by the Almohads, Muslim invaders from northern Africa. Defeated by the Muslim caliph Yakub al-Mansur (circa 1160-99) at Alarcos in 1195, Alfonso and his allies won a major victory over the Muslim commander al-Nasir (1158-1225) at Navas de Tolosa in 1212.
"Alfonso VIII," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

vi.

Joan Plantegenet Princess England Countess Toulo ^2334,^2335,^2336,^2337,²³³⁸, born October 1164 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, France ^2339,^2340,²³⁴¹; died September 04, 1199 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France ^2342,^2343,²³⁴⁴; married (1) William II King Of Sicily February 13, 1176/77 ^2345,²³⁴⁶; born 1154 ^2347,²³⁴⁸; died November 18, 1189 in Palermo, Italy ^2349,²³⁵⁰; married (2) Guglielmo II "il Buono", King Of SICILY February 13, 1176/77 in St Egidius, Palermo, Palermo, Italy ²³⁵¹; married (3) Raymond VI Count Of Toulouse 1196 ^2352,²³⁵³; born 1156 ^2354,²³⁵⁵; died August 1222 ^2356,²³⁵⁷; married (4) Raimond VI Count Of TOULOUSE November 1196 in , Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France ²³⁵⁸

Notes for William II King Of Sicily:
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #2553, Date of Import: Oct 5, 1997]
William II (of Sicily), called The Good (1154-89), Norman king of Sicily (1166-89), the son of William I. Entertaining hopes of a Mediterranean empire, he sought (1172) marriage with Maria Comnena, daughter of the Byzantine emperor Manuel I. That failing, he embarked (1174-75) upon an unsuccessful attempt at conquest in North Africa. He later married (1177) Joan Plantagenet (1165-99), daughter of Henry II of England, and launched a campaign (1185) against Byzantium. Repulsed, he planned participation in the Third Crusade but died before joining it.
"William II (of Sicily)," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

37847320

vii.

John I Plantagenet "Lackland" King Of England, born December 24, 1166 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England; died October 18, 1216 in Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire, England; married (1) Matilda GIFFORD in Unmarried; married (2) [Concubine #1] Hawisa FITZWARIN in Unmarried; married (3) Agatha De FERRERS in Unmarried; married (4) [COUNTESS OF MORTAIN, GLO Isabel FITZROBERT August 29, 1189 in Marlborough, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England; married (5) [QUEEN OF ENGLAND] Isabella De Taillefer, Countess of Angouleme August 24, 1200 in Bordeaux, France; married (6) [CONCUBINE 10 OF ENGLAND] Margaret PLANTAGENET De WARENNE Not Married in Kings Manor House, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England.

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