Genealogy Report: Ancestors of Stanley Elmer Allen
Ancestors of Stanley Elmer Allen
1562.Honorable Emanuel Downing, born 12 Aug 1585 in St. Lawrence, Ipswich, Suffolk, England; died 26 Jul 1658 in Scotland or Salem, Massachusetts?.He was the son of 3124. Sir George Downing and 3125. Dorcas Bellamy.He married 1563. Lucy Winthrop 10 Apr 1622 in Groton, Suffolk, England.
1563.Lucy Winthrop, born 09 Jan 1600/01; died 1679 in England.She was the daughter of 3126. Adam Winthrop and 3127. Anne Browne.
Notes for Honorable Emanuel Downing:
Emmanuel Downing was married to Anne Ware about 1610. They had children: James, Susan, and Mary b. ca 1620, d. Boston, MA 16 Jun 1647, m. about 1639 Anthony Stoddard.
He was married to Lucy Winthrop on 10 Apr 1622 in Groton, Suffolk, England.(355) They had children: George, b. Dublin ca 1624, d. July 1684; Lucy, b. about 1625, d. Ipswich, MA 5 Feb 1697/8, m. about 1649 to William Norton; Joshua bapt. St. Brides, Fleet St., 1627, m. about 1657; Robert bapt. at St. Brides, Fleet St., 24 Mar 1628/9; Adam, d. young; Anne bapt. at St. Brides, Fleet St., 12 Apr 1633, d. 19 Apr 1713, m. 1st Aug 1656 to Capt. Joseph Gardner, 2nd 6 Jun 1676 Gov. Simon Bradstreet; Martha, b. ca 1636, m. ca 1659 Capt. ? Peter; John bapt at Salem, MA 1 Mar 1639/40, d. Boston 29 Apr 1694; and Dorcas bapt. at Salem 7 Feb 1640/1, probably died young.
from England in the "Mary & Jane" with Gov. Coddington
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Emanuel Downing
1585-1676
Father of Sir George Downing
Born 01 May 1585 in St. Lawrence, Ipswich, Suffolk, England, his lineage goes back to 1215, when King John, under pressure from the barons and churchmen, issued the Magna Carta. This document was the start of our present day right to trial by jury and no taxation without representation. His lineage has been traced back to Saire de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, who was one of the sureties of the Magna Carta.
Emanuel was the son of George Downing, Jr. (b.1556) of Ipswich in Suffolk County, England and the grandson of George Downing (b. 1525) of Beccles also in Suffolk County, England. Ipswich is the largest town in the county and dates back to the 7th century. He was baptized at St. Lawrence, Ipswich, England on 12 August 1585.
He was a law school graduate of the University of Cambridge in England, a lawyer of the Inner Temple of London, England. His first marriage was in Edinburgh, Scotland where he married Ann Ware of Dublin, Ireland. Three children were born to Emanuel & Ann: John (b.1615), Susan (b. 1617), and Mary (b. 1620).
Emanuel was practicing law in Dublin, Ireland in August of 1623 when his famous son (George Downing) was born. George's mother was Lucy Winthrop, sister of John Winthrop, Governor of the MA Bay Colony. She was born 9 Jan 1601 in Groton, England and married Emanuel Downing on 10 April 1622 in Groton, England.
Other children from Emanuel's marriage to Lucy Winthrop are: Lucy (b. 1625), Joshua (b. 1627), Nicolas (b. 1627), Robert (b. 1628), Adam (b. 1630), Henry (b. 1630), Ann (b. 1633), Martha (b. 1636), John (b. 1640), Dorcas (b. 1640) and Theophilus (b. 1644).
Emanuel invested in most of the undertakings of his nephew, John Winthrop, Jr. ( iron works, salt works, and lead mines). John Winthrop Jr. was later the governor of Connecticut.
Governor Winthrop Sr. came to America in 1630 on the Arbella, a mere ten years after the pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. It was at his urging that Emanuel, in the summer of 1638, left England on the Thomas and Francis for Salem, MA.
Sir George Downing came to America, with his parents and was educated at Harvard and graduated 2nd of 9 in the first class to graduate from Harvard (1642). He returned to England in 1645 and was a spy for Cromwell and then appointed by Cromwell to the position of Minister to Holland. He was knighted by King Charles II in 1663.
Within one month of arriving Emanuel had purchased 300 acres of land in what is now Peabody, MA and erected a house upon it called "Groton" after the name of the English home of his wife. This house burnt in 1645 and with it a large store of gunpowder (for the use of the colony) was also lost in the fire and caused damages estimated at 200 pounds. Later, Downing built again and erected other houses for his workmen and tenants.
He was given permission in 1648 for the distilling of "strong water", and used one of the houses on the old Ipswich Road in Peabody as a tavern. He was also evidently fond of hunting. In 1638 the town of Salem, Mass., granted him 500 acres of land for "the placing of decoys". These were brought from England at great expense.
From 1646 to 1656, Emanuel Downing lived in a house in Salem that he bought from a Mr. H. Peter. Gov. Simon Bradstreet later lived in this house from 1676-1697. The house was on Essex Street, which is still the main street in Salem, MA. and this lot is now the site of the Essex-Peabody library. Historians I spoke with in Salem believe the house burnt or was torn down in the the late 1700's or early 1800's.
Emanuel returned to England in 1656 and leased his farm, near Salem, to John Proctor who ran a tavern out of the same house in Peabody MA. (348 Lowell St.) as Mr. Downing had. Mr. Proctor and his third wife, Elizabeth, were accused as witches, years later during the Witchcraft Hysteria of 1692 (see story on page 3).
The grant for this farm was originally given to Robert Cole in 1635 by the selectmen of Salem. He sold it to Emanuel Downing in 1638. In 1700 Charles Downing, the son of Sir George, sold the farm to Thorndike Proctor. He was the son of the murdered John Proctor. It remained in the Proctor family until 1851.
Then for years it was known as the Roome farm. The Downing/Proctor house still stands at 348 Lowell St. in Peabody. The Saccone family occupied the Downing/Procter house/tavern for twenty years and found early 1700 clay earthenware in the attic.
Vincent and Marion Raponi*, who bought the house from the Saccone's, have owned the property for some twenty-odd years now and report having found two British coins dating back to 1740 and 1755. When they started remodeling the house they found three fireplaces and the original wall and ceiling beams which were held in place by wooden pegs.
After Emanuel Downing returned to England in 1656 (his last of nine voyages across the Atlantic), he was appointed to Clerk of Council of State for Scotland. He resided in Edinburgh, Scotland until his death at age 75 on 26 September 1660.
Emanuel was returned for burial in London at St. Martin's in the Field, which is a very large church in Travalgar Square, Westminster, England. On the burial register he was listed as Emanuel Downing, Armiger, which means gentleman of high position. His wife Lucy Winthrop Downing returned to live in her son's (Sir George) mansion in East Hatley, England and died in London, England on 10 April 1679.
Genealogically, Emanuel was the ancestor through his daughters, Mary (Downing) Stoddard of William Tecumseh Sherman of Civil War fame and through Lucy (Downing) Norton of President John Quincy Adams and Vice-President Aaron Burr.
Children of Emanuel Downing and Lucy Winthrop are:
| i. | Sir George Downing, born 1623 in Dublin, Ireland; died Jul 1684 in East Hatley, Cambridgeshire, England; married Frances Howard 1654; born Abt. 1633 in Naworth, Cumberland, England; died 10 Jul 1683. |
| Notes for Sir George Downing: Sir George Downing was an ambassor and he graduated from Harvard College in Sep 23 1642.Ambassador to Netherlands from Cromwell and Charles II.;Member of Parliment.Lived at Downing Street in London "A Brief History of Number 10 - The first domestic house known to have been built on the site of Number 10 was a large dwelling leased to Sir Thomas Knyvet, a Parliamentarian and Justice of the Peace. It was Knyvet who arrested Guy Fawkes for the Gunpowder Plot of 1605. After his death the house passed to his niece, Mrs. Hampden, the aunt of Oliver Cromwell. The front part of the house we see today, and the adjoining house at Number Eleven, were built by a Harvard graduate and property speculator called George Downing. He acquired rights to the site during the brief period of Parliamentary rule in the 17th Century. A portrait of the man, who was widely regarded as a profiteering rogue, now hangs in the Entrance Hall. " from the website http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/page41.asp [George Downing was one of the Four Tellers of the Receipt of the Exchequer, and in his office Samuel Pepys was a clerk.He was the son of Emmanuel Downing of the Inner Temple, afterwards of Salem, Massachusetts, and of Lucy, sister of Governor John Winthrop.He issupposed to have been born in August, 1623.He and his parents went to New England in 1638, and he was the second graduate of Harvard College.He returned to England about 1645, and acted as Colonel Okey's chaplain before he entered into political life.Anthony aWood (who incorrectly describes him as the son of Dr. Calybute Downing, vicar of Hackney) calls Downing a sider with all times andchanges: skilled in the common cant, and a preacher occasionally. He was sent by Cromwell to Holland in 1657, as resident there.At the Restoration, he espoused the King's cause, and was knighted and elected M.P. for Morpeth, in 1661.Afterwards, becoming Secretary to the Treasury and Commissioner of the Customs, he was in 1663 created a Baronet of East Hatley, in Cambridgeshire, and was again sent Ambassador to Holland.His grandson of the same name,who died in 1749, was the founder of Downing College, Cambridge. The title became extinct in 1764, upon the decease of Sir John Gerrard Downing, the last heir-male of the family.Sir George Downing's character will be found in Lord Clarendon's "Life," vol.iii.p. 4.Pepys's opinion seems to be somewhat of a mixed kind. He died in July, 1684.] from THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS M.A.F.R.S. CLERK OF THE ACTS AND SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY TRANSCRIBED FROM THE SHORTHAND MANUSCRIPT IN THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE BY THE REV. MYNORS BRIGHT M.A.LATE FELLOW AND PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE WITH LORD BRAYBROOKE'S NOTES EDITED WITH ADDITIONS BY HENRY B. WHEATLEY F.S.A. DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS. JANUARY 1659-1660 Downing, George George Downing was one of the Four Tellers of the Receipt of the Exchequer, and in his office Pepys was a clerk. He was the son of Emmanuel Downing of the Inner Temple, afterwards of Salem, Massachusetts, and of Lucy, sister of Governor John Winthrop. He is supposed to have been born in August, 1623. He and his parents went to New England in 1638, and he was the second graduate of Harvard College. He returned to England about 1645, and acted as Colonel Okey’s chaplain before he entered into political life. Anthony a Wood (who incorrectly describes him as the son of Dr. Calybute Downing, vicar of Hackney) calls Downing a sider with all times and changes: skilled in the common cant, and a preacher occasionally. He was sent by Cromwell to Holland in 1657, as resident there. At the Restoration, he espoused the King’s cause, and was knighted and elected M.P. for Morpeth, in 1661. Afterwards, becoming Secretary to the Treasury and Commissioner of the Customs, he was in 1663 created a Baronet of East Hatley, in Cambridgeshire, and was again sent Ambassador to Holland. His grandson of the same name, who died in 1749, was the founder of Downing College, Cambridge. The title became extinct in 1764, upon the decease of Sir John Gerrard Downing, the last heir-male of the family. Sir George Downing’s character will be found in Lord Clarendon’s “Life,” vol. iii. p. 4. Pepys’s opinion seems to be somewhat of a mixed kind. He died in July, 1684. "This is the George Downing who built - and after whom is named - Downing Street, home to British prime ministers since 1723." "Downing’s idealistic youth: Downing’s ties to the Puritans of the Commonwealth (both Cromwell’s in England and the one in Massachusetts) ran deep. For the Puritans, this likely made the sting more acute when he broke with them and became such an ardent supporter of Charles II. Downing was the nephew of a famed New England Puritan, Massachusetts Governor John Winthrop (whose sister, Lucy, married Downing’s father, Emanuel). At Winthrop’s suggestion, the Downings moved to the colony in 1638. They settled in Salem. In 1642, Downing became the second graduate of the new Harvard College. Winthrop wrote about Downing in his posthumously published “History of New England from 1630 to 1649” in this passage (2:240-3) which makes Downing (then a young preacher) look like one of the shock troops in the vanguard of the Puritan crusade: “The scarcity of good ministers in England, and want of employment for our new graduates [of Harvard College] here, occasioned some of them to look abroad. Three honest young men, good scholars, and very hopeful, viz. a younger son of Mr. Higginson, to England, and so to Holland, and after to the East Indies, a younger son of Mr. Buckley, a Batchelor of Arts to England, and Mr. George Downing, son of Mr. Emanuel Downing of Salem, Batchelor of Arts also, about twenty years of age, went in a ship to the West Indies to instruct the seamen. He went by Newfoundland and so to Christophers and Barbados and Nevis, and being requested to preach in all these places, he gave such content, as he had large offers to stay with them. But he continued in the ship to England, and being a very able scholar, and of a ready wit and fluent utterance, he was soon taken notice of, and called to be a preacher in Sir Thomas Fairfax his army, to Colonel Okye his regiment.” Despite his family connections and early history, Downing moved away from hardline Puritanism and republicanism by 1660. In fact, his enthusiasm for the rising star of Charles II left a distaste in the mouths of many observers, including Pepys, who could see the spectacular rewards Downing snagged from the flip. (Pepys, of course, also changed his colors — but who likes to be reminded of that?)" "Downing apparently was the landlord to John Proctor, the first man accused of witchraft in the Salem witch trials hysteria of 1692. Anyone who has seen Arthur Miller’s play about the witchcraft hysteria, "The Cruciable," may remember Proctor as a significant character (apparently Miller took some liberties with the facts of Proctor’s life). Proctor was hanged with five others on August 19, 1692. His wife, Elizabeth, was spared because she was pregnant. Here’s how Downing (who left Massachusetts in the 1640s and may well have never met Proctor) came to have a tenuous connection with the man: Downing’s father, Emanuel, had bought property in Salem when he and his family (including George) moved there in 1638. Emanuel moved to Scotland in 1656. But before he left he leased his farm outside of Salem to Proctor, who also took over a tavern Downing had operated in what is now Peabody, Mass., just outside of Salem. Emanuel died in Edinburgh on Sept. 25, 1660. The tavern and other property apparently passed down to George Downing, although Emanuel had other children, some of whom remained in Massachusetts. But eight years after the hysteria, in 1700, it was Charles Downing, the son of Sir George, who sold the farm to Thorndike Proctor, son of the executed John Proctor. It remained in the Proctor family in 1851, and the Downing/Proctor house still stands at 348 Lowell St., Peabody, Mass. Most of these details come from a web page devoted to Emanuel Downing, part of a website operated by an organization of Downing family descendents. The society was founded in 1988 at the site of the former Downing home in Salem (NOT the tavern building)." "A description of Downing from Arthur Bryant’s Pepys bio: Pepys’ second employer was not an amiable man. A rough, pushing, young careerist, George Downing had been bred in Massachusetts and had taken to the régime of pious aggression now established in the mother-country like a duck to water. After a short period as a preacher in Colonel Okey’s regiment, he had become Scoutmaster General in the Commonwealth army — a post for which his peering habits and quick, decisive, categorical mind admirably fitted him. He had since then been a member of Parliament and English Resident at the Hague. He was a great hand, as befitted one who moved in a world of secrets and intrigue, at ciphers or ‘characters’ as they were called in that age, and Pepys under his direction became a master of the same curious art. He held his post at the Exchequer as a minor employment, more for its emoluments than its importance, and performed it chiefly by deputy. Pepys was decidedly frightened of his new [in 1658] employer, whom he regarded as a stingy and perfidious rogue but whom he served with trembling and expedition. He was entirely at his beck and call when he was in England (fortunately, Downing spent much of his time in Holland), running messages for him, rising in the midst of his dinner to answer his summonses and even distributing his invitations when he gave a party. When he was remiss, he was soundly chidden by his master, who, as a good Commonwealth man, was not nice about minor courtesies." John Evelyn’s low opinion of Downing From his diary (12 July 1666): “Sir Geo: Downing (one that had been a greate [a blank space here of about seven spaces] against his Majestie but now insinuated into favour, & from a pedagoge & fanatic preach(e)r, not worth a groate, becoming excessive rich) . . . “ — “The Diary of John Evelyn,” edited by E.S. de Beer (Oxford), p. 492. (I suppose the blank was in the diary itself. Perhaps Evelyn was searching for the right word. I found no explanation for it anywhere in the book.) |
| 781 | ii. | Lucy Downing, born 1625 in Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts; died 02 May 1697 in Ipswich, Essex County, Massachusetts; married Reverend William Norton. | ||
| iii. | Joshua Downing, born 1627 in Glasgow, Scotland. | |||
| iv. | Anne Downing, born Abt. 1634; died 19 Apr 1713; married (1) Captain Joseph Gardner Bef. Aug 1656; born Abt. 1629; died 19 Dec 1675 in Killed in the Naragansett Fight; married (2) Governor Simon Bradstreet 06 Jun 1676; born Bef. 18 Mar 1603/04 in Horbling, Lincolnshire, England; died 27 Mar 1697 in Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts. |
| Notes for Anne Downing: Simon Bradstreet's first wife, Ann Dudley, daughter of Governor Thomas Dudley, a lady of some celebrity for her poetical talents. She died 16 Sep 1672 at Andover. They married in 1628. Simon Bradstreet married a second time to Ann Downing, the widow of Capt. Joseph Georgiardner and daughter of Emanuel Downing. She was younger than him by 30 years. They were married on 6 Jun 1676. Simon Bradstreet died 27 Mar 1697. |
| Notes for Captain Joseph Gardner: Joseph was involved in the civic affairs of Salem, holding a number of positions. He joined the Salem Church in 1649. He was also a large landowner, owning most of the land between St. Peter's St. and Brown St. in Salem. In May, 1672, he was appointed Lieutenant in the Company of Salem Foot, under command of Capt. William Price. Three years later in May the Salem Militia was increased to two companies and Joseph Gardner was appointed Captain of the 1st Co. of Salem Foot. During King Phillip's War he was appointed on 3 Nov. 1675 to command a company of men which was subsequently raised at Salem, Marblehead, Topsfield, Andover, Gloucester, Beverly and Lynn.[4] They mustered at Dedham Plain on 10 Dec. following with a total force of 95 then proceeded to Wickford. During the march they were involved in a number of incidents with groups of hostile Indians losing several men. He was killed storming a breech in the Narragansett's stockaid at Swamp Fort Dec. 19, 1675, And the manner of his death was described in Church's History of the War. "Mr. Church spying Capt. Gardiner of Salem amidst the Wigwams at theeast end of the Fort, made towards him; but on a sudden while they werelooking each other in the face, Capt. Gardiner settled down, Mr. Churchstepped to him, seeing the blood run down his cheek lifted his cap andcalling him by name, he looked up in his face but spake not a word, being mortally Shot through the head." |
| v. | John Downing, married Mehitable. |